“Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much.” &#8211;&nbsp; a famous quote by Hellen Keller is very much valid even in current times, especially in the context of teamwork.



The relationship between any two people is considered good when communication between them is healthy. And on the same lines, a team is able to work ‘together’ better when their communication is strong.



The testers in a software development team will be understood better if they are able to convey the software testing information and insights properly. In this article, we will discuss how to improve communication in a team from the perspective of testers.&nbsp;



Below are 7 ways that testers can communicate software testing insights better: 



1. Establishing Channels For Cross-Functional Communication Communication in a small team is usually not a challenge because one-on-one interaction is easy and simple. But as the size of an organization grows, the communication channels become complex in nature. Sometimes team members lack the know-how of sharing their knowledge with the right people and the communication gap widens.



This may lead to multiple people working on the same thing at the same time, which could also lead to a loss in productivity and ultimately revenue.&nbsp;



The solution is to establish proper channels for collaboration. A short meeting daily to plan the work and the practice of sharing work status with everyone proves helpful in avoiding such situations.&nbsp; 



One communication tool that all the team members use to communicate with each other is also useful. Slack and JIRA are some tools that companies use and have proved to be valuable.



2. Well-defined Reports



	Information related tasks and daily status is one aspect of communication. Another aspect is reports. Testers do many big tasks that can only be understood if they are followed up with well-defined reports. Test execution reports for example.



Testers execute a high number of test cases, for multiple features and for multiple releases. Sending reports, to concerned people, for each of these according to the timeline and goal of testing will make the testing process transparent for the team. Other team members can also pitch in their suggestions to improve the processes.



Typically, The test execution reports should include the objective of testing, testing scope, test results metrics, types of testing performed, test environment &amp; tools, and conclusion.



3. Bug Reporting <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/a-testers-guide-to-deal-with-missed-bugs/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Bugs are something that testers deal</a> with almost daily. Whenever a bug is encountered, it should be reported for timely action.&nbsp; The purpose of the report is to convey to the developers and the management the bug in short in the title. The test steps are to provide the reproduction steps if needed.&nbsp;



Bug reports should be constructed keeping in mind that the Developer or the Manager does not need to consult the tester to understand the bug or to furnish any other details again. 



An ideal bug report will include details of when it appeared and why.



For intermittent occurrences, the pattern of which it occurs, the different product versions, environment name, etc. It is a good practice to record a possible fix for the error if known, include screenshots, videos, and error logs where possible.



4. Removing Communication Barriers



If organizations really want the information to flow freely, it has to be easy, not just for the members who are working on a computer, but for those as well who are working remotely. By using third-party integrations such as Slack and Jira, all the members of different teams can share information from all corners of your organization and all across the world in an instant. The inclusion of <a href="https://www.appypie.com/connect/apps/slack/integrations" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Slack integration</a> further enhances communication and collaboration capabilities, enabling efficient and effective information exchange.



5. Strengthen Important Messages



When a team grows beyond twenty members, the collaboration between the members decreases significantly, especially in teams that are in different departments, locations, and roles. This says that strengthening the goal of working together can improve team communication and collaboration to a great extent. It is important for the enterprise software teams having people in different departments, roles and regions to reinforce important messages with multiple teams. This could mean that the team managers highlight the important messages for the team or such messages are sent with an important tag.



6. Training of Developers and Testers



Developers and testers should learn from each other. Developers should help testers understand the code base and the testers should help the developers understand the test suite and the logic behind the test techniques used or followed. The training will help both the developers and testers to easily collaborate and share important software testing information and insights related to the testing as well as development more often.



Teams which are using Agile and DevOps workflows should use CI (Continuous Integration) tools such as Jenkins.&nbsp;



7. Effective Integration with CI/CD



&nbsp;The CI/CD pipeline should be implemented in such a way that if a test fails, the report should be sent only to the concerned developers to avoid the bombardment of emails to those member’s inboxes who are not concerned with it. Otherwise, receiving many emails related to CI/CD status multiple times a day might compel people to ignore the mails. Check out some <a href="https://hunter.io/blog/cold-email-tools/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cold email outreach tools</a> which will reduce your security and privacy concerns when it comes to emails. You could also check an <a href="https://snov.io/email-verifier" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">email address checker</a> to verify addresses before sending the emails. 



<a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label=" (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com" target="_blank">Testsigma</a> is an automated testing tool that is built after considering all above-mentioned strategies for improving communication between team members. Let’s see how:



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Testsigma generates custom reports with text logs, video recordings, screenshots that can be shared with different members of the team working at different levels according to the information they need. </li><li>Testsigma has a “Report Bug” feature which helps the testers in drilling down the test results to get more information for the root cause of the failure and file a bug into several integrated bug platforms such as JIRA. </li><li>Testsigma allows its users to share test results via email, manually or automatically. </li><li>&nbsp;Testsigma hosts all <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/reports" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="test execution reports (opens in a new tab)">test execution reports</a> on the cloud. It helps the users to view and analyse the test results for each test environment from anywhere, anytime so you can better identify what areas need focus and determine the reach of your test coverage.</li></ul>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>It ensures that the application runs on every OS, device and browser combination that is supported.</li> </ul>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Testsigma also allows its users to share the software testing insights through the communication tool Slack. Slack is an amazing communication tool which is becoming highly popular among companies of all sizes. Screenshot of an issue, text and insights in other forms can be easily shared via Slack. </li><li>Testsigma has a test lab replete with the latest devices and browsers to support cross-browser and cross-device testing. Not only this, schedulers can be used to schedule test plan runs. </li><li>Testsigma is built to address the automated cross-browser testing requirements and allows for easy sharing and integration of actionable feedback instantly with the team. This ensures an uninterrupted user experience across all the browsers.</li> </ul>



Current IT industry is becoming more and more complex with teams being geographically dispersed, organizations moving to the cloud and teams opting for emerging methodologies such as Agile and DevOps. This ecosystem makes it more difficult to communicate and evaluate the software testing insights from the testing activities. 



With powerful reporting and analytics tools, Testsigma helps organize and share data easily and effectively. It allows the testers, stakeholders, and decision-makers to remain updated regarding the progress and results at any given moment.



All in all, Testsigma has put in dedicated efforts to make any result easily shareable with all necessary integrations.



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Top Ways to Communicate Software Testing Insights Better

Top 7 Ways to Communicate Software Testing Insights Better

In these tough times(COVID-19), the well-being of customers and employees is the most important for every organization.



During this unexpected crisis, there are teams working from home while there are few workplaces that have a reduced workforce. It is a given that the thoughts, efficiency, and availability of your team will not be the same as you may expect otherwise.



In these conditions, it is vital that the robustness of your software is not compromised.&nbsp;



Considering the disturbance that everyone in the world is going through, there will be a few tasks that you may not be able to do as planned, while there will be some important tasks still that will have to be done.



For optimum results, optimization of your team’s efforts will be key.



The development teams will have to focus on the optimization of delivery cycles to achieve business continuity on the basis of the availability and efficiency of the workforce.



A well-implemented continuous delivery process will be the solution here.



Below are some points which are important for all the teams including Dev &amp; QA for optimum and continued operations:



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#People_Process_Business">1 People, Process, Business</a></li><li><a href="#1_People">2 1. People</a></li><li><a href="#2_Process">3 2. Process</a></li><li><a href="#3_Business">4 3. Business</a></li><li><a href="#Below_are_some_points_which_I_feel_are_important_for_Dev_QA">5 Below are some points which I feel are important for Dev &amp; QA :</a></li></ul></div>
<h3>People, Process, Business</h3> 



<div class="wp-container-67618dcfe4e39 wp-block-group">
<h3 id="1-people">1. People</h3>
</div>



<div class="wp-container-67618dcfe5240 wp-block-group pl-15">
Focus on your team. Understand their strengths and patterns of working. When we are challenged by many odds, it would be hard to expect 100% from everyone. Some of them might not be used to working remotely. Give them time and better to over-communicate to fill the gap. 



There are some innovative ways to connect your teams remotely like online games, virtual tea-breaks and sharing photos and playlists. Do not hesitate to make use of them. Communication becomes a key challenge in these times. Schedule regular catch-ups with your team and don’t just focus on work-related talk.&nbsp;



This is the time to identify your champions who can deliver in any circumstances. If you are a small team or a start-up these are the people who can take your company to the next level. Encourage your champions and assign them the key areas to focus on. Give your teams the usual freedom and accountability to achieve the goals for the week.
</div>



<h3 id="2-process">2. Process</h3>



<div class="wp-container-67618dcfe5585 wp-block-group pl-15">
There might be a definite change in the productivity of your teams. Due to this almost every company has to change its priorities. Make sure you educate everyone about the change of priorities and make them align with the new plan. It might need some process changes as well. Your updates might need to be more frequent. 



There should be clear in and out times and appropriate status updates in the communication platforms. It will help everyone know when to expect others and when someone would be offline. 
</div>



<h3 id="3-business">3. Business</h3>



<div class="wp-container-67618dcfe589b wp-block-group pl-15">
Don&#8217;t prioritize everything. The situation is very much uncertain. Just focus on what is required for business continuity, and wait for the things to get better. &nbsp;Start preparing for the emergency fund in case it might be needed in the near future. Stay focused on your current customers and work on your leads to get your next customers. Reduce unnecessary expenses and aggressively optimize the current process.&nbsp;



Many companies are going to see a steep fall in terms of numbers, very soon all these companies will stand a chance to grow much faster than the fall that we are going to see now. What is important is how you prepare yourself and the teams for that growth. Plan for the worst and get ready for the best!
</div>



<h3 class="pt-15" id="below-are-some-points-which-i-feel-are-important-for-dev-qa">Below are some points which I feel are important for Dev &amp; QA :</h3>



1. Customer issues and requirements should become your mainstream development: It should be the case even otherwise if you don&#8217;t follow this already it&#8217;s time you change your strategy. Bring your core team here. Make sure you <a href="https://hiverhq.com/customer-support-guide" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">support all your customers</a> without fail. Don&#8217;t let this branch run by a secondary team.



2. Not the right time for big releases: If you have already planned a big release, it is good to hold until you get clarity. Simple things like stable network connectivity are also a problem to push your updates, there are many more odds that you need to think of.



3. Frequent minor updates are always better: If you are a SaaS business, it is recommended to release frequently with minor changes, so that the impact would be very few when things go wrong. During this time where communication, availability, and accessibility is difficult, it’s not the right time for major updates.&nbsp; 



4. Make sure your regression suites are lean and relevant: Your turn around time needs to be better than before. Create suites with affected test cases so that you can get things done quickly with fewer resources. If you have large test suites and take a long time for execution, parallel execution is one option. But, if you want to save more time, filter the high priority test cases and create another test suite that can be executed when time is running low.



5. Are your pipelines(DevOps) not automated yet? If not, it’s time to think about it: If you are a DevOps hub and all your pipelines are automated, you stand a better chance to release updates more often and continuously. If you don&#8217;t have your DevOps set up yet, it&#8217;s time for you and your team to understand the need and get started with it. Not just for now, It is going to add huge value to your company in the long term.



6. If you follow DevOps/Continuous Delivery practices, are your pipelines 100% automated? If that is the case you are all set to deliver continuously with fewer resources even at the difficult times, like what we are seeing now. If not, identify the gaps and try to automate your pipelines 100%. Perhaps you may not have approvals to try commercial tools. In that case, there are lots of free tools. You could also start with free versions of commercial tools and see how it works for you. Also, make sure that these tools scale to the next level when you as a team and the company go to the next level.



7. Don&#8217;t have test automation yet then this is the right time to start. Pick free tools to begin with: If you have worked on test automation, it would have been easy for you to continue your regular delivery cycles confidently.&nbsp; If not, in these times when resources are limited, it is all the more important to ensure quality because, in case of a failure, it may be a difficult task to fix with limited resources.



8. Start automating your regression suites: If you don&#8217;t have test automation yet, start implementing now. If your delivery cycles are not as usual or planned, your team might have time to start this activity.&nbsp;



9. Involve others in test automation if your tools support: If your SMEs &amp; QAs have free time during this time, it’s better to involve them in test automation. So that your delivery cycles would be faster later when things get back to normal. During this time, change of work also will help them focus more and they will give their best. If you are just starting with test automation, choose a test automation tool that allows other stakeholders including developers, managers, and clients to start test case creation with a low learning curve such that your automation tasks are completed even if the testing team is low in number.



10. Integrate your automated tests with your continuous integration pipeline: For end-to-end automation and continuous delivery, it is essential to integrate your testing with the CI/CD pipeline and having a tool that integrates with needed tools readily is the need of the hour.



11. Time to check your automation efficiency: If you have not measured your test automation ROI yet, take a look at it. Check how much it can save for you, with the investment that you have already made. When the team sizes are shrinking, can your test automation complement their errors? If not, understand why and where are the gaps and take necessary action if they are small. Again, don&#8217;t look at the changing processes during this time.



12. Take steps to reduce the number of feedback cycles and time for each of them: Since a lot of remote communication is involved now, try avoiding back and forth for your feedback. Also, try to reduce the number of feedback cycles, because there will be a significant communication delay for each cycle during this time.



We know that we can pull through, we just have to be careful, optimistic and focus on being efficient every step of the way.



If you need any help, we will always be available via the usual channels. Praying for the health and well-being of all! 



K R Naidu, CEO, Testsigma

Optimize Your Testing Efforts for Continuous Delivery

Data Driven vs Keyword Driven Frameworks for Test Automation

The Differences Between Priority and Severity in Testing

<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Introduction">1 Introduction</a></li><li><a href="#Sanity_Testing_vs_Smoke_Testing_8211_Myths_and_Misconceptions">2 Sanity Testing vs Smoke Testing &#8211; Myths and Misconceptions</a></li><li><a href="#Smoke_Testing_vs_Sanity_Testing_8211_What_are_the_Differences">3 Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing &#8211; What are the Differences</a></li><li><a href="#Differences_Between_Smoke_Testing_vs_Sanity_Testing">4 Differences Between Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing </a></li><li><a href="#Key_Points_of_Smoke_Testing_vs_Sanity_Testing">5 Key Points of Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">6 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questionsnbsp">7 Frequently Asked Questions&nbsp;</a><ul><li><a href="#Which_comes_first_Sanity_or_Smoke_Testing">7.1 Which comes first, Sanity or Smoke Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Which_testing_is_done_manually_Sanity_or_Smokenbsp">7.2 Which testing is done manually Sanity or Smoke?&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#Why_is_Smoke_Testing_called_Smoke_Testing">7.3 Why is Smoke Testing called Smoke Testing?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>



The life of a QA Tester will be considered incomplete if the terms ‘Smoke Testing’ and ‘Sanity Testing’ are not infused into it. Though these are some regularly used terms, there are some common misconceptions around them too. 



<h2 id="sanity-testing-vs-smoke-testing-myths-and-misconceptions">Sanity Testing vs Smoke Testing &#8211; Myths and Misconceptions</h2>



Before we begin into the details of smoke testing vs sanity testing and what they actually mean, lets go through some common misconceptions and myths around them:



<ol><li>Smoke Testing and Sanity Testing are the same and can be used interchangeably : This is not true and should never be done, why? we shall discuss that in this Article.</li><li>Sanity Testing is equivalent of <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/guides/acceptance-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">acceptance testing</a>: Acceptance Testing is done to ensure that the build meets all the requirements that the client specified before the release while Sanity Testing is done to ensure the product is sane, rational for more detailed testing. These are not and should not be used interchangeably.</li><li>If I am doing Smoke Testing, I can skip sanity testing: Smoke testing is a very high level testing, as in, this testing is done to ensure this build is suitable to begin any other type of testing. For example, this could be just a test to ensure the build installs and then the Sanity Testing can begin. Though sometimes, the smoke test cases are run together with Sanity Test cases, these should not be confused to be the one and the same thing.</li></ol>







In this article, we will try to clear above confusions once and for all. In case, you wanted to read more about Manual Testing, do refer to the link <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/category/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a>.



Note: Because we will be using the term &#8216;Software Build&#8217; many times in the article, lets define it here. 



What is a Software Build?



&#8216;Software Build&#8217; is a process of converting source code, into a user application, after multiple revisions and code changes and Software Build creation involves multiple processes like, “Version Control, Code Quality &amp; Compilation” and software build is also the result of this building process. In this article, a build will be referred to as a testable version of the software.



<h2 id="smoke-testing-vs-sanity-testing-what-are-the-differences">Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing &#8211; What are the Differences</h2>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/smoke-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Smoke Testing</a>



Smoke testing is performed in the initial phase of the software development life cycle by the developers to ensure the code module is successfully compiling and the software&#8217;s core functionality is working properly. Any other level of testing is done after successfully passing the smoke testing.&nbsp;&nbsp;



Smoke testing will fail if the required environment is not present, other required libraries are not imported in the code itself, or any major bug issue breaks the software build and does not let it run, etc.



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="733" height="485" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/Smoke-Testing-1.jpg" alt="Smoke Testing" class="wp-image-22051" /></figure>



Automation &amp; Smoke Testing:



Usually this is the type of testing that is executed before actual automation test cases can run. For organizations that have <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/continuous-testing-at-the-speed-of-agile-and-devops/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">continuous testing </a>built in, smoke testing is equivalent to successful installation of the build for running test cases or execution of the first test case. So, this is not a type of testing that is deliberately automated but if test automation is put into place, the test automation can only run successfully once the software has passed smoke testing. Or otherwise, the first test case that executes might fail.



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/guides/sanity-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sanity Testing</a>



Sanity testing ensures that bug fixes, newly added functionality or any other code change doesn&#8217;t affect the stable software, build other functionality or introduce any type of bug issue. It also evaluates the software and ensures whether it&#8217;s ready for the next level of testing or not.



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="733" height="485" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/Sanity-Testing.jpg" alt="Sanity Testing" class="wp-image-22053" /></figure>



Automation &amp; Sanity Testing:



Considering automation for Sanity Testing test cases, a recommended approach is to execute these test cases before running the complete regression test suite. The benefit is that if there are any errors in the sanity test cases, then errors can be reported sooner rather than later. Some companies have benefited from automating their sanity test cases. Here is a case study where <a href="https://www.freshworks.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Freshworks</a> &#8211; a feature packed product suite for businesses of all sizes &#8211; was able to automate 100% of their sanity test cases in 90 days using Testsigma: <a aria-label="Testsigma+Freshworks - A case study (opens in a new tab)" href="https://website.testsigma.com/customers/freshworks" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma+Freshworks &#8211; A case study</a>.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/4mtb3YSc-ffm-4s5q6Qa-ZdzAQqVYXRpjbH-MiwTZrVtr5IQ0kN_89ravLdqW2ABUA1T-P0VVTAnE4sXBQUgskTFcnMxgAc5KurNc9u7q5sY0o9YJzySqfD5IaPkc5ua7Ph6-iDl" alt="Smoke Testing , Sanity Testing, Regression Testing" width="580" height="435" /></figure></div>







<h2 id="differences-between-smoke-testing-vs-sanity-testing">Differences Between Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing </h2>



<figure class="wp-block-table">
<table style="height: 424px;border:1px solid" width="1000">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Smoke Testing</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Sanity Testing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Performed on initial builds</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Performed on stable builds</td>

</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">To test the stability of new build</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">To test the stability of new functionality or code changes in the existing build</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Covers end to end basic functionalities</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Covers certain modules, in which code changes have been made</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Executed by testers &amp; sometimes also by developers</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Executed by testers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">A part of basic testing</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">A part of regression testing</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Done usually every time there is a new build</td>
<td style="text-align: center;border:1px solid;padding:10px">Planned when there is not enough time for in-depth testing</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</figure>







<h2 id="key-points-of-smoke-testing-vs-sanity-testing">Key Points of Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing</h2>



The difference between smoke testing and sanity testing is, developers carry out smoke testing in the initial phase of the software development life cycle. It ensures software core functionality is working correctly. Testers perform sanity testing after the smoke testing to ensure the software works correctly after code changes, bug fixes, or new functionality is added. Evaluate whether the software is ready for the next level of testing.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;



<ul><li>Smoke testing is performed in the initial phase of the software development life cycle. In contrast, sanity testing is done after smoke testing.&nbsp; </li><li>Smoke testing ensures the software core functionality is working correctly, where sanity testing is performed to test if the software is working properly after the new addition of functionality and evaluate whether it&#8217;s ready for the next level of testing.&nbsp;</li><li>The development team carries out smoke testing, but the QA and test teams perform sanity testing.</li></ul>



<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Smoke and Sanity testing helps the QA team save time by quickly testing to make sure if an application is working properly or not. Also, it ensures that the product is eligible for further testing. </li></ul>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Smoke Testing is done by both the dev team or by the QA team and can be taken as a subset of rigorous testing. Whereas Sanity testing are done only by the QA team. Also, Sanity testing can be considered as a subset of acceptance testing.</li></ul>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Smoke testing is executed at the initial stage of SDLC, to check the core functionalities of an application. Whereas Sanity testing is done at the final stage of SDLC, to check the main functionalities of an application.</li></ul>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>As per the requirement of testing &amp; time availability, the QA team may have to execute Sanity, Smoke on their software build. In such cases, Smoke tests are executed first, followed by Sanity Testing .</li></ul>



In practice, all QA teams need to do Smoke and Sanity testing. These testing types have a pre-defined number of test cases that get executed multiple times. This repetitive execution also makes them an ideal candidate for test automation. When looking for automation, you are recommended to use a tool that provides you ROI on automation from the initial stages. Testsigma is one such tool.



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions&nbsp;</h2>



<h3 id="which-comes-first-sanity-or-smoke-testing">Which comes first, Sanity or Smoke Testing?</h3>



Smoke testing is carried out early in the software development life cycle to ensure the software&#8217;s core functionality is working correctly. Smoke testing rejects badly broken software in the initial testing stage of software development.&nbsp;



After the smoke testing, sanity testing is carried out to ensure the newly added functionality in the software is stable. It does not affect the software&#8217;s existing functionality.&nbsp;



<h3 id="which-testing-is-done-manually-sanity-or-smoke">Which testing is done manually Sanity or Smoke?&nbsp;</h3>



Smoke testing is done manually without any test automation tool because smoke testing is about testing the software core functionality are working properly. Sanity testing is performed using an automation tool which evaluates whether the software is ready for the next level of testing.



<h3 id="why-is-smoke-testing-called-smoke-testing">Why is Smoke Testing called Smoke Testing?</h3>



The name smoke is somehow adopted from the plumbing community. Initially, people used smoke to check for leakage in the pipeline, then adopted it in the software testing. In the same way, smoke is used to check for leakage, and smoke testing finds major leakage in the software.



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Smoke Testing vs Sanity Testing Explained

Types of Testing – What are Different Software Testing Types?

To improve the quality of a software product built by developers, software testing is the key. Testing is essential to ensure that the end product delivered is stable and works according to the required specifications. As software testing plays a significant role in the delivery of the final product, it is necessary to consider that the testing process must involve accurate, exhaustive test cases and firm test strategy.



Test coverage has a huge impact on what is received as an end product. Efficient and apt test coverage covers all minute points &amp; areas, that many times go neglected. Complete test coverage should include scenarios on latency, speed, security, and usability. Hence, organizations always look for testers who can comprehend testing with precision and effectiveness. 



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Common_TestnbspAutomation_Mistakes_QA_Teams_Tend_To_Make">1 Common Test&nbsp;Automation Mistakes QA Teams Tend To Make</a></li><li><a href="#1_Identifying_what_can_be_automated_and_not">2 1. Identifying what can be automated and not</a></li><li><a href="#2_Not_providing_proper_training_to_team_membersnbsp">3 2. Not providing proper training to team members&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#3_Lack_of_Supervision">4 3. Lack of Supervision</a></li><li><a href="#4_Not_paying_heed_to_your_Return_on_Investment_ROI">5 4. Not paying heed to your Return on Investment (ROI )</a></li><li><a href="#5_Automating_large_tasksnbsp">6 5. Automating large tasks&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#6_Use_of_Record_Playback_tools_for_scripting">7 6. Use of Record &amp; Playback tools for scripting</a></li><li><a href="#7_The_tool_is_chosen_just_because_it8217s_open-source">8 7. The tool is chosen just because it&#8217;s open-source</a></li><li><a href="#8_Other_common_test_automation_mistakesnbsp">9 8. Other common test automation mistakes&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_basic_principles_to_achieve_success_while_automating_a_process">10 What are the basic principles to achieve success while automating a process?</a></li><li><a href="#Tips_for_QA_team_members_to_achieve_a_good_success_rate_in_automationnbsp">11 Tips for QA team members to achieve a good success rate in automation&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#Tips_for_QA_Team_Leads_to_achieve_success_in_automation">12 Tips for QA Team Leads to achieve success in automation</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">13 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="common-test-automation-mistakes-qa-teams-tend-to-make">Common Test&nbsp;Automation Mistakes QA Teams Tend To Make</h2>



<h2 id="1-identifying-what-can-be-automated-and-not">1. Identifying what can be automated and not</h2>



For a tester, understanding what areas to automate and how it will help the organization is the basic rule of thumb for the success of test automation. If a tester fails to understand the primary goal of automating a process and what benefits it will bring to the organization, it would be a waste of money.



If you have no experience with automation, it’s difficult to decide which tasks to automate and which ones to execute manually. But it’s also a mistake going in without a plan. You need to have a clear understanding of automation and how it will affect daily tasks, cost and time in the long run.



<figure class="wp-block-embed-wordpress aligncenter wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-testsigma-blog"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
https://website.testsigma.com/blog/when-to-choose-test-automation-framework-over-manual-testing/
</div><figcaption>How to determine which framework is right for your organization? </figcaption></figure>







<h2 id="2-not-providing-proper-training-to-team-members">2. Not providing proper training to team members&nbsp;</h2>



Organizations often fail to understand that making a change is easy, but making people accept the change and live with it is really very hard. This is where businesses struggle. They adopt automation without taking their team on board and don’t understand their employees who make or break the deal. 



There are two critical phases where you need to ensure your team is with you:



1. &nbsp; Training and adaptation



2. &nbsp; Testing and implementation of the automated solution



The introduction of any tool requires proper training of the tool to the members who will be using it. It should not be rolled out to the organization and asked to do hit and trial. The tools should be made familiar with a bunch of people and then once they are well versed with it they should train others.



The best way to do this is by offering training. Before enacting your automation strategy, <a href="https://www.visme.co/teams/training-and-development/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">create a training document</a> and have multiple meetings and workshops. It’s also helpful to host a testing session to ensure your staff fully understands the automated processes. 



<h2 id="3-lack-of-supervision">3. Lack of Supervision</h2>



Supervision is not limited to managing your staff and their roles during automating a project. Supervision also includes managing the entire project along with the automation process. Failure to manage your automated processes results in losing control of the project and impacts sales adversely. Supervisors should always monitor the automated process activity to ensure all processes are successful and if something goes wrong, they should be the first one to know and get the issue fixed.



<h2 id="4-not-paying-heed-to-your-return-on-investment-roi">4. Not paying heed to your Return on Investment (ROI )</h2>



Investment in automating a process is not limited to license purchase only, it may require much more investment such as :



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Cost of implementation and installation</li><li>Extra tools and services</li><li>Hiring specialized staff</li><li>Running cost</li></ul>



For more insight on it,&nbsp; please refer to the link below:&nbsp;



<a href="https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/when-to-automate-and-why" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.thoughtworks.com/insights/blog/when-to-automate-and-why/</a>



<h2 id="5-automating-large-tasks">5. Automating large tasks&nbsp;</h2>



It’s a common perception, first to automate larger tasks. But, practically it is always better to automate smaller tasks first and focus on larger tasks later.



If you start automating the larger tasks first, it is going to be difficult and time-taking to complete. You also risk making serious errors and disrupting your whole process. Hence, it may lead to a loss of money.



What if you’re bogged down with multiple large projects. If automating them is the only solution, reorganize and prioritize these tasks into smaller chunks. Automate some parts of the task which you think are repetitive and work independently on the other parts. 



<h2 id="6-use-of-record-playback-tools-for-scripting">6. Use of Record &amp; Playback tools for scripting</h2>



Record and playback tools generate complex scripts that are difficult to understand and maintain. Record and play features should only be viewed as a way to generate skeletal scripts. It should not be used as a final step in automated script creation. When automation is newly introduced in any organization, many testers depend on record and playback for creating test scripts, as they are not well versed with the automation process and methodology. Effective and Efficient Automation Testing requires good knowledge of the system and the creation of simple scripts. When testing scripts are simple, they are easy to understand for everyone in the team. Such scripts are also easy to maintain and update for testers that are well aware of the module.



<h2 id="7-the-tool-is-chosen-just-because-it-s-open-source">7. The tool is chosen just because it&#8217;s open-source</h2>



Nowadays, Open source tools are being widely accepted in the market. But, selecting an open-source tool as it would be cost-saving should not be the only tool selection criteria.



Open-source tools require you to be well versed with technical skills. If any issue crops up while handling the tool, you won’t be able to get the support over the phone or mail from the vendor.&nbsp;



Open-source tools attract users as they have no licensing fees but they also come with some limitations. Some have limited functionality and may not give you all the features you need, so be very clear about what you require and how the tool will help you to automate your desired requirement.



Many organizations end up using both open-source and commercial tools together since the commercial tools can fill in any missing functionality that the open-source tools don&#8217;t have, and often add value on top of the open-source tools.



The article&nbsp;<a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Many organizations end up using both open-source and commercial tools together since the commercial tools can fill in any missing functionality that the open-source tools don't have, and often add value on top of the open-source tools. The article&nbsp;Reluctance To Abandon Automated Tests And Switch To Scriptless Automation Testing discusses&nbsp;why new user-friendly scriptless automation testing tools are still a second thought.
 (opens in a new tab)" href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/reluctance-to-abandon-automated-tests-switch-to-scriptless-automation-testing/" target="_blank">Reluctance To Abandon Automated Tests And Switch To Scriptless Automation Testing</a> discusses&nbsp;why new user-friendly scriptless automation testing tools are still a second thought. 



<figure class="wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped"><ul class="blocks-gallery-grid"><li class="blocks-gallery-item"><figure><img loading="lazy" width="4454" height="1144" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Testsigma_Easy-scripting.jpg" alt="Testsigma_Easy Scripting" data-id="7683" data-full-url="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Testsigma_Easy-scripting.jpg" data-link="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/8-top-test-automation-mistakes-and-tips-for-qa-teams-to-avoid-them/web-3/" class="wp-image-7683"><figcaption class="blocks-gallery-item__caption">Write simple reliable tests in Testsigma</figcaption></figure></li></ul></figure>



<h2 id="8-other-common-test-automation-mistakes">8. Other common test automation mistakes&nbsp;</h2>



The most common test automation mistakes which organizations tend to make while indulging in the fresh setup of automation process are:&nbsp;



<ol><li>Not understanding the benefits of automation</li><li>Not setting automation goals</li><li>Using automation to improve a bad process</li><li>Automating larger tasks as opposed to automating time-consuming tasks</li></ol>



Before you implement your automation strategy, understand these test automation mistakes and prevent making them. 



<h2 id="what-are-the-basic-principles-to-achieve-success-while-automating-a-process">What are the basic principles to achieve success while automating a process?</h2>



Some simple tips can be kept in mind while implementing automation:



1. Keep things simple. Do what is required. You should not overdo things to make it look fancy and complicated.



2. Doing simple things does not mean automating an easy process. It means you should take baby steps to achieve your automation goals. You may start automating with a simple feature, but it may happen that the final implementation of automation turns out to be complex.



3. The team should be cross-functional. You should not restrict the automation job either only with the testers or only with the developers. Each of the disciplines has to step into each other’s shoes to achieve automation of the project. This approach gives everyone an in-depth knowledge of the project and also the ability to tackle any technical issues that may arise.



4. Take your time to understand the application which you want to automate. Design it well to avoid technical mistakes.



5. Keep asking for feedback frequently from clients and testers to ensure the right product is being built.



6. Apply proper coding standards and practices. The design should be simple, try to keep the tests independent of each other. Consider factors like “maintainability” of the test suit.



7. Automation for a team is not just the implementation and maintenance, but it also includes the integration of the automated suite to Continuous Integration(CI). It requires testers to learn and adopt new skills, new tools, and technologies. 



<h2 id="tips-for-qa-team-members-to-achieve-a-good-success-rate-in-automation">Tips for QA team members to achieve a good success rate in automation&nbsp;</h2>



<ol><li>Each individual is responsible for their work product and its quality.&nbsp;</li><li>You should be responsible for your work, how to do, what to do and when to do. Team lead should not tell you what to do, every single day.</li><li>You should never hesitate in communicating, asking questions no matter even if you feel it is irrelevant, raise concerns, red-flags or issues as soon as they arise.</li><li>&nbsp;You should keep yourself updated and never stop learning.</li></ol>



<h2 id="tips-for-qa-team-leads-to-achieve-success-in-automation">Tips for QA Team Leads to achieve success in automation</h2>



<ol style="padding-bottom: 10px"><li>Establish strong processes and train your associates in such a way that they can work independently with minimum or no supervision</li><li>Consider the team’s opinion on timelines, schedules, effort estimations, and planning.</li><li>You should be approachable to the team for any type of communication.</li><li>Be a team player and share responsibilities.</li></ol>



<figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" width="3001" height="828" data-id="4652" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Shift-Left-Testing_Testsigma.jpg" alt="Scriptless Test Automation_Testsigma" class="wp-image-4652"/></figure>
</figure>







<h2>Conclusion</h2>



In a competitive market, where the client demands high-quality products with fast-paced delivery, automation surely helps, if chosen wisely. Before automating any process, understand the requirement well, find out the limitations, list down all requirements that can be automated.



Once the requirements are thoroughly understood, then comes the crucial part of tool selection. While selecting the <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/select-right-automation-testing-tool/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Once the requirements are thoroughly understood, then comes the crucial part of tool selection. While selecting the right test automation tool, always focus on return on investment, time-saving on the process, cost-saving and overall benefits it brings to organizations. (opens in a new tab)">right test automation tool</a>, always focus on return on investment, time-saving on the process, cost-saving and overall benefits it brings to organizations. 



You should not just run behind automation and think it would create magic and help in faster delivery of the product. Wisely select the areas of automation, have a clear test strategy and test plan. Start automating a smaller module, everyday repetitive activities and focus on larger modules later to avoid the common test automation mistakes we are likely to make.



To excel in the world of automation, you should keep <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="You should not just run behind automation and think it would create magic and help in faster delivery of the product. Wisely select the areas of automation, have a clear test strategy and test plan. Start automating a smaller module, everyday repetitive activities and focus on larger modules later. To excel in the world of automation, you should keep upgrading your&nbsp; testing skillsets, taking challenges and never giving up. (opens in a new tab)" href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/top-20-websites-for-online-automation-testing-courses-and-certifications/" target="_blank">upgrading your testing skillsets</a>, take up challenges and never give up!

Few mistakes to not make in test automation_Testsigma

8 Top Test Automation Mistakes And Tips For QA Teams to Avoid Them

Software KPIs or Key Performance Indicators in the software testing industry are some measurable values computed to gauge the efficiency and effectiveness of the software testing process as a whole.&nbsp;



Though it may seem natural to use software testing KPIs to gauge efficiency, there is a divide between the people of the testing community on using KPIs in the Software Testing industry. Some say that Software Testing KPIs can&#8217;t help achieve a much-needed balance between time, cost, and quality, while others swear by their effectiveness.



Organizations have different products, so the development methodology and the testing processes are different too.



So what a QA individual or manager needs is to: 1. Understand the process 2. Review the KPIs that can be measured 3. Figure out the KPIs for quality that should be measured for maximum effectiveness according to your project.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_are_the_KPIs_in_Software_Testing">1 What are the KPIs in Software Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#When_are_the_Software_Testing_KPIs_beneficial">2 When are the Software Testing KPIs beneficial?</a></li><li><a href="#When_is_the_Software_Testing_KPIs_not_useful">3 When is the Software Testing KPIs not useful?</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">4 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#How_Do_you_Measure_QA_Success">4.1 How Do you Measure QA Success?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_Software_Testing_Key_Performance_IndicatorsKPIs">4.2 What is Software Testing Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_the_Difference_Between_Software_Testing_Metrics_and_KPIs">4.3 What is the Difference Between Software Testing Metrics and KPIs?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_KPI_for_the_QA_Department">4.4 What is KPI for the QA Department?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Suggested_Reading">5 Suggested Reading</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="what-are-the-kpis-in-software-testing">What are the KPIs in Software Testing?</h2>



There is no hard and fast rule to measure all these KPIs and you can also come up with KPIs that are not mentioned in the list. The most common KPIs that are measured in the software testing industry:



<p id="active-defectsall-the-defects-that-are-yet-to-close-are-called-active-defects-it-could-have-new-defects-that-are-open-or-that-are-fixed-but-not-verified-the-testing-manager-needs-to-decide-on-a-threshold-value-beyond-which-immediate-action-will-have-to-be-taken-about-how-to-proceed-to-lower-the-number-of-functional-defects-the-general-rule-is-that-the-lower-the-number-of-functional-defects-the-better-the-product-quality-at-a-point-in-time"><li>Active Defects </li>All the defects that are yet to close are called Active Defects. It could have new defects that are open or that are fixed but not verified. The testing manager needs to decide on a threshold value beyond which immediate action will have to be taken about how to proceed to lower the number of functional defects. The general rule is that the lower the number of functional defects, the better the product quality at a point in time.



<li>Authored Tests </li>This KPI measures the number of test cases designed during a defined time interval. This also helps measure the test cases against requirements, and the designed test cases can be further evaluated for inclusion in the regression or ad hoc test suite.



<li>Automated Tests</li>



This KPI measures the percentage of test cases automated against the total number of test cases. Usually, a higher percentage means a better probability of catching any breaks during automation runs. The threshold for the percentage of automation should be decided according to the type of product and cost of automation.



<li>Covered Requirements</li>



This KPI is used to measure the mapping of test cases to requirements. A test manager is required to ensure that all the requirements have corresponding test cases, and action should be taken on any requirements that could not be mapped to any test case and vice versa. The goal is to keep the mapping of requirements to test cases to 100%.



<li>Code Coverage</li>



This KPI is used by testers to ascertain the percentage of code they cover with their automated tests.



<li>Defects Fixed Per Day</li>



This is used to measure the effectiveness of the development but is subjective as some bugs could be more challenging to fix than others. This could be used to predict the amount of work for the testing team.



<li>Passed Requirements</li>



This KPI becomes valid when the release of a product is being planned. If any requirement has yet to pass testing, the release should be delayed.



<li>Passed Tests</li>



To understand the effectiveness of the test case design process, the number of defects reported via designed test cases is measured, where test cases passed means the design is practical and vice versa.



<li>Rejected Defects</li>



This KPI measures the percentage of rejected defects compared to the total defects reported. If the percentage is higher than the set threshold value, the underlying issue must be identified and acted upon. This could mean more training for software testers or better requirement documentation.



<li>Reviewed Requirements</li>



This KPI is to make sure that any requirement that the testing and development team is working on has been reviewed by the subject matter expert and is good to go. Reviewed requirements could lead to accurate development and testing, proving costly in the long run.



<li>Severe Defects</li>



This KPI aims to keep the number of severe defects in an application at a time under a limit if there are more severe defects, then immediate action is needed. But before using this, the testing team needs to be properly trained to identify severe defects correctly.



<li>Test Instances Executed</li>



This KPI is to measure the velocity of test execution at any point in time to make sure that the testing cycle is on track for the release.



<li>Tests Executed</li>



This KPI measures the total number of test cases executed on a build, including manual and automated, at any given time. This is also a Velocity KPI. Read here about <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/velocity-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Velocity Testing</a>.



<li>Time Schedule and Constraint</li>



This KPI is used to measure the average time of test execution. This helps provide testing time estimates during release planning or the development and testing plans to the project managers.



<li>Defects Closure Rate</li>



This KPI measures testers&#8217; efficiency in verifying and closing the fixed defects; this also helps to estimate the release cycle better.







<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="863" height="616" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/software-test-KPI-12.jpg" alt="software testing kpis" class="wp-image-22133" /></figure>



<h2 id="when-are-the-software-testing-kpis-beneficial">When are the Software Testing KPIs beneficial?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="733" height="485" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/software-test-KPI-11-1.jpg" alt="Software Testing KPIs beneficial" class="wp-image-22137" /></figure>



<ul><li>You have been working on the same software testing process for a while.&nbsp;</li></ul>



When you have implemented a testing process successfully and have executed it a few times, it is the right time to measure the KPIs to know the areas where your testing process needs improvement.



<ul><li>You have an extensive testing team.</li></ul>



Having a big testing team also means that there will be an extensive distribution of testing tasks. So to make sure that the tasks are distributed effectively and are conducted efficiently, measuring some testing KPIs will prove beneficial and will also help to keep everyone on track.



<ul><li>You are thinking of introducing new processes for testing.</li></ul>



If you are revamping your testing process, it will be helpful to have some KPIs measured to the original process. It will help you decide what goals to achieve with the new testing processes.



For an organization looking to measure KPIs, it is essential to understand the existing testing process and then measure the KPIs that will bring out the necessary improvements. Knowing what value addition you are looking for is essential because these KPIs, if not used properly, could easily lead you in the wrong direction.



<h2 id="when-is-the-software-testing-kpis-not-useful">When is the Software Testing KPIs not useful?</h2>



Although measuring the effectiveness of a process is essential to know if you are doing it right, measuring the testing process via quality KPIs will not make sense in a scenario where:



<ol><li>If your product has just started with Testing:If you are going to launch your product for the first time and testing has just started, there won&#8217;t be much to measure. This time will be crucial to put a testing process in place rather than measuring the effectiveness of the testing process.</li><li>If you are not planning to have a long testing cycle:If you are making a product that would not be changing for a long time after the launch and testing will be a one-time process, measurement of the effectiveness of the process would not be beneficial as you won&#8217;t have any new testing cycles to improve upon.</li><li>If you are on a restricted budget:Just like doing any activity, measuring testing KPIs also takes time and effort and, consequently, costs. So rather than measuring the KPIs, applying a cost-effective testing process should be the primary focus when the budget for testing is restricted.</li></ol>



By ensuring the above, you are also <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/optimize-your-testing-efforts-for-continuous-delivery/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">optimizing Testing for Continuous Delivery</a>.



If you have an organization planning to move to test automation but are worried about the learning curve and time constraints during implementing it, look out for tools that enable you to automate test cases in as much time as creating them manually will take. This will help improve multiple KPIs for quality, such as Automated Tests, Covered Requirements, Passed Requirements, Passed Tests, etc.<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/">Testsigma</a> is one such tool that is quickly recognized for its ease of use and the negligible learning curve!



var cta=&#8221;Automation_KPI_cheatsheet&#8221;



<figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" width="733" height="485" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/software-test-KPI-10.jpg" alt="When are the Software Testing KPIs not useful" class="wp-image-22139" /></figure>



<div style="height:30px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div>



<a href="https://testsigma.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma</a> is one such tool that is quickly getting recognized for the ease of use and the negligible learning curve!



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="frequently-asked-questions">How Do you Measure QA Success?</h3>



QA success can be measured using KPIs, which will help to get an idea about the test performance. Some key points which are mentioned in KPIs are given below.



<ul><li>Numbers of functional defects in the software.</li><li>Number of tests written in a time frame.</li><li>Numbers of automated cases present in testing.&nbsp;</li><li>How much code is covered in the test cases?</li><li>How many defects are being fixed per day?</li></ul>



<h3 id="what-is-software-testing-key-performance-indicators-kpis">What is Software Testing Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)?</h3>



Key performance indicators(KPIs) in software testing are the calculated data that help to measure the performance and effectiveness of testing. It gives an idea if the software testing is progressing in the right direction and whether it will be done on time.



<h3 id="what-is-the-difference-between-software-testing-metrics-and-kpis">What is the Difference Between Software Testing Metrics and KPIs?</h3>



Software testing metrics are the data used to track and monitor the various operations performed by the testers. Whereas organizations and testers use key performance indicators (KPIs) to determine testing effectiveness and the time and cost required to complete the testing.



<h3 id="h-what-is-kpi-for-the-qa-department">What is KPI for the QA Department?</h3>



KPI for QA is calculated by : The number of tests in a specific time period = Number of tests run/Total time.



Following initial testing, these periods should reduce and eventually settle at a basic level. QA teams can improve these figures by investigating which tests can be executed concurrently or automatically.



<h2 id="suggested-reading">Suggested Reading</h2>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/metrics-for-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Metrics for Testing- Guide to Quality Assurance</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/why-the-world-doesnt-need-qa-engineers-but-still-requires-quality-assurance/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Why The World Doesn’t Need QA Engineers</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/top-software-testing-trends-to-look-out-for-in-2022/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Top Software Testing Trends to Look Out for in 2022</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/top-ways-communicate-software-testing-insights-better/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Top 7 Ways to Communicate Software Testing Insights Better</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/software-testing-strategy/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Software Testing Strategy </a>

What are the KPIs of Software Testing and QA

What are the KPIs of Software Testing and QA Metrics?

In this era, every organization is on the path of test automation to increase efficiency. Just like manual testing, automation testing also needs proper planning, structure, monitoring, and maintenance. Test cases can be defined as a set of conditions wherein a tester determines whether an application/software system or one of its features is working as expected or not. Test cases help clarify what needs to be done in order to test a system.



The main objective of automation testing is to reduce the number of test cases that need to be run manually. Successive development cycles need to execute the same test suite repeatedly using a test automation tool. No human intervention is required once the test suite is automated. This is sure to improve the ROI.



Automation Testing always comes ahead of manual testing. Manual testing should be done at least once and automated test scripts need to be created based on the manual test cases.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Importance_of_Converting_Manual_Test_Cases_into_Automated_Test_scripts">1 Importance of Converting Manual Test Cases into Automated Test scripts</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Convert_Manual_Test_Cases_into_Automated_Test_Cases">2 How to Convert Manual Test Cases into Automated Test Cases?</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="importance-of-converting-manual-test-cases-into-automated-test-scripts">Importance of Converting Manual Test Cases into Automated Test scripts</h2>



It’s important to convert manual test cases into automated test cases as it comes with several advantages: 



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Increases efficiency</li><li>Wider test coverage of application features</li><li>Lowers cost</li><li>Delivers the required and bug-free product on time</li><li>Play a vital role in achieving the desired ROI</li><li>Ensure consistency</li><li>Human intervention is not required while execution</li><li>More cycle of execution can be achieved through automation</li><li>Reusable test scripts</li></ul> 



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<h2 id="how-to-convert-manual-test-cases-into-automated-test-cases">How to Convert Manual Test Cases into Automated Test Cases?</h2>



Suppose there is a requirement for ‘Signing into the google’. The first step is to prepare the test design.&nbsp;



The test design should be in the below format i.e. test cases documented and split into different stages. Below is a table that shows the same:



 



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table style="border:1px solid"><tbody><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">S.No.</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Pre-Condition</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Test Steps</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Test Data</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Expected Result</td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">1</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Launch Browser {Chrome / Firefox / Safari} and Enter URL</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">1. Launch the selected browser2. Enter the URL in the browser address bar and open</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">URL: https://google.com</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Google home page opens</td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">2</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Gmail link&nbsp;</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Click on the Gmail link</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">NA</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Clicking on it redirects to Gmail page</td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">3.&nbsp;</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">UserName&nbsp;</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Enter the userName in the “Email or Phone” SignIn textbox and then click next</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">userName: &lt;TEST&gt;</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">licking on Next after entering the correct username will show the password textbox</td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">4</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Password</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Enter the Password in the “Enter your password” textbox</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Password: &lt;TestPass&gt;</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Entering the correct password should not show any error</td></tr><tr><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">5</td><td>Submit</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Click on the SignIn button</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">NA</td><td style="border:1px solid;padding:10px">Clicking on the SignIn button should redirect to the mailbox</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



 Now, you can use one of the automation tools for translating manual test cases to automated test cases. Following are the components we need to take care of during the translation: 



a) State of the Application: The state&nbsp;of the application is important and needs to be the same every time a particular test is performed. When beginning a test, you need a browser in a ready state for performing all the operations. And configuring the browser is an extra step.



<pre class="wp-block-code"><code>For instance, if you are using <a href="https://www.seleniumhq.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener nofollow">Selenium</a> to automate tests, we need the below boilerplate code every time to set up and initialize the browser.

</code></pre>



For Chrome:



WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();



System.SetProperty(“webriver.chrome.driver”,&lt;Path&gt;);



driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(TimeOut, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 



For Firefox:



WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();



System.SetProperty(“webdriver.gecko.driver”,&lt;Path&gt;);



driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(TimeOut, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 



Along with this, we need to set up the local environment with necessary testing libraries and also driver executables. 



 



Using <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Using Testsigma there are none of these additional setup steps. Everything is preconfigured in the cloud and we just need to provide the URL of the application to get started.
 (opens in a new tab)" href="https://testsigma.com" target="_blank">Testsigma</a> there are none of these additional setup steps. Everything is preconfigured in the cloud and we just need to provide the URL of the application to get started! 



 







And for verifying the application state&nbsp;in Selenium, we need to use the functions like the ones given below:



<ol><li>elementToBeClickable()</li><li>alertIsPresent()</li><li>presenceOfElementLocated()</li><li>&nbsp;titleContains()</li><li>visibilityOfAllElementsLocatedBy()</li></ol> 



All of these required state verifications can be done using simple NLP grammar in Testsigma like wait until the element is clickable, wait until an alert is present &amp; more. 



<figure class="wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped">
<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" width="1404" height="378" data-id="5480" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/NLP-Grammar_Testsigma.png" alt="NLP Grammar_Testsigma" class="wp-image-5480"/></figure>
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 <li>Test Steps: Test steps should be easily readable for everyone who is familiar with the application.



In Selenium, we can have logical names for variables and methods so that the tester can easily understand what’s happening in the system. Also, we need to make sure to add comments, debugging statements, and output statements so that the output can be written to a console. 



In Testsigma, the test steps are in simple English and they are self-explanatory. 



<li>Verification &amp; Validation: Verification and validation is the core part of the testing process and without it, it is pure automation without the checks. You should have several checkpoints, loop statements, and conditional statements in order to test the application effectively.</li> 



Testsigma provides a huge set of verification grammar for verifying almost every input and value in the application. 



<li>Test Data: Test data is a crucial part of testing. You should have answers to the following questions as your test data requirements:</li>



<ul class="list_style_disc"><li>Where to place the data?</li><li>You should hard code the data or not?</li><li>Concerns related to security</li><li>Concerns related to reusability</li></ul>



You can use the excel sheet for storing your data and then fetch it to use in your test case. It is important to notice that having test data, username and password is one of the prerequisites to begin the test. 



In-built Test Data management feature provided by Testsigma helps to manage the Test Data with ease. 



<li>Results: In the case of manual tests, you can put the result of each step in the “actual result” column but, in automation, the result is stored when executed. Automation test results have robust reporting features but it is still a good practice to have an excel sheet or a notepad associated with each test to put in comments while executing the test. Your automation tool should have some good reporting add-on to get good quality reports.</li> 



Testsigma has a robust test result interface that provides easy to understand reports in pictorial format. The results can also be exported to a file in a single click. 



<li>Post Operation: After the completion of the test step, there is no need to close the program in manual testing. But as an automation tester, it is important to close the browser in case of automation. In the case of an automation test case, you need to make sure that you clean up the activities, kill all the connections you created, close all the apps and release the memory.</li></ol> 



Testsigma handles all the tasks for ending the session safely and without resource wastage. You don’t need to add additional steps to end the session. 



Importance of Choosing the Right Test Cases for Automation Testing



Software testing and retesting is a continuous process in the software development lifecycle to find out errors as early as possible. But, without clear and practical objectives, a test automation project will fail drastically. Identifying which test cases should be automated and which should remain manual is one of the key factors in setting automation testing objectives.&nbsp;



This filtering becomes especially important for Regression Testing. Regression testing is used to ensure the validity of the updated software. It is a costly process and it consumes a significant amount of resources. Here are some of the main points to keep in mind while choosing the right cases for regression testing:



<ul><li>Include test cases frequently having defects</li><li>Include critical test cases which verify core features of the product</li><li>Include all the integration test cases</li><li>Include all the complex test cases</li><li>Prioritize the test cases for regression testing</li><li>Change the regression test cases whenever required</li></ul>



For Regression Testing, Testsigma has an <a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="For Regression Testing, Testsigma has an inbuilt mechanism to filter the Test Cases on the basis of multiple criteria and this helps in the filtration for Regression Test Suite. (opens in a new tab)" href="https://website.testsigma.com/regression-testing/automated-regression-testing-tool" target="_blank">inbuilt mechanism</a> to filter the Test Cases on the basis of multiple criteria and this helps in the filtration for Regression Test Suite. 



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<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img loading="lazy" width="1407" height="374" data-id="5352" src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/blog-assets-staging.testsigma.com/blogs/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Testsigma_Banner.png" alt="Testsigma_Banner" class="wp-image-5352"/></figure>
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Running a test suite at night and getting the test reports in the morning? Pretty cool, right? 



There are many automated testing tools available in the market and<a rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="There are tons of automation testing tools available in the market and tool selection is one of the biggest challenges you need to tackle before going for automation testing. (opens in a new tab)" href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/select-right-automation-testing-tool/" target="_blank"> tool selection</a> is one of the biggest challenges you need to tackle before going for automation testing. You need to identify the requirements, explore the capabilities of the tool among others. 



<a href="https://testsigma.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" aria-label="Testsigma, a cloud-based test automation ecosystem, is a complete package for those who are looking for quality and speed. You can easily integrate with your favourite CI/CD tools to run automated regression tests for each new build continuously. With simple English based tests, complex automated test cases are now as simple as manual tests and helps you save time, cost and effort thereby increasing the ROI.
 (opens in a new tab)">Testsigma</a>, a cloud-based test automation ecosystem, is a complete package for those who are looking for quality and speed. You can easily integrate with your favourite CI/CD tools to run automated regression tests for each new build continuously. With simple English based tests, complex automated test cases are now as simple as manual tests and helps you save time, cost and effort thereby increasing the ROI.

How To Convert Manual Test Cases Into Automated Test Cases And The Advantages

How To Convert Manual Test Cases Into Automated Test Cases And Why

People need convenience, innovation, safety, design, and more from their products and services in this fast-paced world. This pushes companies to develop and test software at a rapid pace to thrive in this competitive marketplace. To meet these demands in quick time, firms leverage automation technology. That&#8217;s where Test Automation Frameworks come into play. As we all know that manual testing is tedious, time-consuming, and requires a high investment in human resources, and hence to avoid all these issues, automation testing is preferred by organizations. So let&#8217;s explore how to choose the suitable <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/build-test-automation-framework-from-scratch/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Automation Framework From Scratch</a>, when do you choose automated testing framework over manual testing.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Why_Do_You_Need_a_Framework">1 Why Do You Need a Framework?</a><ul><li><a href="#What_is_Manual_Testing">1.1 What is Manual Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#When_should_you_use_Manual_Testing">1.2 When should you use Manual Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_Test_Automation_Frameworks">1.3 What are Test Automation Frameworks?</a></li><li><a href="#When_Do_You_Choose_Automated_Testing_Over_Manual_Testing">1.4 When Do You Choose Automated Testing Over Manual Testing?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Can_Test_Automation_Frameworks_Replace_Manual_Testing">2 Can Test Automation Frameworks Replace Manual Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Determine_the_Ideal_framework_for_Your_Organization">3 How to Determine the Ideal framework for Your Organization?</a></li><li><a href="#So_Whats_Next">4 So What’s Next?</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">5 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#Which_Framework_is_in_Demand_for_Automation_Testing">5.1 Which Framework is in Demand for Automation Testing?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_the_Main_Components_of_the_Test_Automation_Framework">5.2 What are the Main Components of the Test Automation Framework?</a></li><li><a href="#Is_Selenium_Framework_Automation">5.3 Is Selenium Framework Automation?</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Suggested_Reading">6 Suggested Reading</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="why-do-you-need-a-framework">Why Do You Need a Framework?</h2>



A framework is a set of tools and conventions for developing software applications. It provides structure and guidance to help developers create reliable, maintainable, and scalable applications. Frameworks also provide developers with a standard way to organize their code, saving time and effort when building complex applications. Additionally, frameworks often include libraries of pre-written code that can be used to add functionality or speed up development quickly.



<h3 id="what-is-manual-testing"><a href="https://website.testsigma.com/guides/manual-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">What is Manual Testing?</a></h3>



Manual Testing is software testing in which the tester manually executes test cases without using any automation tools. This involves manually assessing the functionality of an application, its features, and other characteristics to ensure that it meets the specified requirements. Manual Testing includes designing test cases, executing them, logging defects, and reporting results.



<h3 id="when-should-you-use-manual-testing">When should you use Manual Testing?</h3>



Manual Testing is an integral part of the software development process. It involves the execution of tests by a human tester to detect defects, bugs, and other issues in the software product.



<ul><li>Manual Testing should be used when complex functionalities need to be tested or when there is a need for exploratory Testing.</li><li>It should also be used when automated tests cannot be created due to the complexity of the application.</li><li>Manual Testing is also helpful in validating user experience, allowing testers to interact with the application and identify any usability issues.</li><li>Additionally, manual Testing can help identify edge cases and scenarios that may not have been captured in automated tests.</li><li>Manual Testing can also help verify if all requirements have been met and all features are functioning as expected.</li><li>Finally, manual Testing can provide valuable feedback about the quality of the software product from an end-user perspective.</li></ul>



<h3 id="what-are-test-automation-frameworks">What are Test Automation Frameworks?</h3>



Test Automation Frameworks are like blueprints for making automated tests. They help you create efficient and repeatable tests that can be used on different platforms and applications. It also helps you use data-driven Testing and object-oriented programming and connect with other tools like version control systems.



<h3 id="when-do-you-choose-automated-testing-over-manual-testing">When Do You Choose <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Automated Testing</a> Over Manual Testing?</h3>



Test Automation Frameworks help streamline the process of creating automated tests. They provide a structure and set of tools that can be used to create an efficient and consistent approach to automated Testing. Test automation frameworks can be used in a variety of different situations, such as when: 



1. The application being tested is complex or requires many tests. 



2. There is a need for multiple test environments or platforms. 



3. Tests must be run frequently and consistently across different application versions. 



4. Tests must be integrated with other development processes, such as continuous integration or DevOps pipelines. 



5. Tests require data-driven capabilities, such as parameterization or data-driven Testing. 



6. Multiple teams work on the same project and must share test assets and results consistently.



<h2 id="can-test-automation-frameworks-replace-manual-testing">Can Test Automation Frameworks Replace Manual Testing?</h2>



Nope, automation frameworks can&#8217;t take the place of manual Testing. While they can reduce the time and energy needed for <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/regression-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">regression testing</a>, manual Testing is still essential. Automated tests may not be able to pick up on specific problems that a person has to find through <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/exploratory-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">exploratory Testing</a> or other kinds of manual tests.



Scenarios, where test automation frameworks can replace manual Testing, include:



<ol><li>Regression testing of stable and frequently executed <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> is necessary to ensure the accuracy and reliability of software.</li><li><a href="https://website.testsigma.com/data-driven-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Data-driven Testing</a> with large data sets is also essential, as it allows for a thorough evaluation of the system&#8217;s performance.</li><li>Additionally, test cases that require repetitive execution with multiple sets of data should be automated to reduce time consumption and minimize potential human errors.</li></ol>



<h2 id="how-to-determine-which-framework-is-right-for-your-organization-1">How to Determine the Ideal framework for Your Organization?</h2>



Every team and every project has requirements for <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/why-test-data-management-is-more-important-than-you-think/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test data management</a>, test behavior specification, error handling, reporting, etc. Before finalizing the ideal framework for your organization, you should ask these questions to yourself:



<ol><li>Does the application have a complex flow? Have a look at the testing requirements.</li><li>What is the user experience like, and consider the technology used in the application?</li><li>Determine the costs associated with each framework.</li><li>Can your team easily plug into one of the frameworks? Evaluate the skill set of your team within the organization.</li><li>What guidelines will give the desired results of the automated tests?</li><li>Which tools would be ideal for your organization before designing an approach that fulfills all the requirements?</li><li>What is the technical proficiency of the people who will maintain test automation?</li><li>What types of reporting are expected from the automation?</li></ol>



It is best to create a scorecard to assess several parameters, including scripting, integration, reports generated, usage, etc. while evaluating multiple tools. Test automation frameworks will establish the guidelines to achieve the desired goals of automated tests. But a qualified and proficient test automation professional should be involved in considering the design and implementation of automation frameworks or the selection of software tools.



<h2 id="so-what-s-next">So What’s Next?</h2>



In today&#8217;s modern software development methods, test automation frameworks have a vital role to play. Even small/medium enterprises are looking forward to reaping the benefits of automation frameworks to meet the demand for their products &amp; services. They are very much prepared for its need in the future. 



Test automation can make software testing more efficient, accurate, and fast. But it can be difficult to switch from manual Testing. That&#8217;s where Testsigma comes in &#8211; an advanced <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/ai-driven-test-automation" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AI-driven cloud-based test automation solution</a> made for Agile and DevOps teams. 



Testsigma makes it super easy to switch from manual to automated Testing without knowing a lot of coding. Its user-friendly design and excellent features make it the perfect choice for Agile and DevOps teams who want their tests to go faster. Testsigma gives you everything you need for <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/continuous-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">continuous testing</a>, like reusable test assets and easy-to-read reports. Plus, since it&#8217;s cloud-based, you can access your test data anytime, anywhere. So why wait? If you&#8217;re looking for a unified test automation solution to help you reach your goals, give Testsigma a try today!



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="which-framework-is-in-demand-for-automation-testing">Which Framework is in Demand for Automation Testing?</h3>



Many people now want to use test automation frameworks like Selenium, Appium, and TestNG. But which one you need depends on the type of technology your project uses and what kind of Testing you&#8217;re doing. 



Testsigma is a cloud-based test automation platform that uses AI to make Testing easier for Agile and DevOps teams, no matter what technology they use. It has many features that make it an excellent choice for companies who want to speed up their testing process. Check out <a href="https://website.testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma </a>to learn more about Testsigma and all its cool features!



<h3 id="what-are-the-main-components-of-the-test-automation-framework">What are the Main Components of the Test Automation Framework?</h3>



The main components of the test automation framework are: 



1. Test Automation Tool: A test automation tool is software for executing automated tests. 



2. Test Environment Setup: The setup includes all the hardware and software required to run automated tests. 



3. Test Scripts: The test scripts are the actual code that will be executed by the test automation tool. 



4. Test Data: Test data feed input into the AUT during Testing. 



5. Results Analysis: After running automated tests, it&#8217;s crucial to analyze the results



<h3 id="is-selenium-framework-automation">Is Selenium Framework Automation?</h3>



Selenium is a tool that lets you test web apps and automate tasks like filling out forms, clicking links, and navigating pages. It works on lots of different browsers, languages, and operating systems. You can also use it to create scripts that run on multiple platforms. 



Selenium isn&#8217;t a framework itself, but it can help you create frameworks for automated Testing &#8211; these are called &#8220;Selenium frameworks,&#8221; and they give you a structure for writing tests, organizing data, and managing resources like drivers, config files, and results.



<h2 id="suggested-reading">Suggested Reading</h2>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/build-test-automation-framework-from-scratch/">Build Test Automation Framework From Scratch</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/top-ui-frameworks-for-android-automation-testing/">Top UI Frameworks for Android AutomationTesting</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/essential-elements-of-test-automation/">Essential Elements of Test Automation</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/ios-testing-frameworks/">IOS Testing Frameworks</a>



<a href="https://website.testsigma.com/blog/automation-testing-tools/">Top 5 Automation Testing Tools</a>



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When to Choose Test Automation Framework Over Manual Testing