Documentation is an important part of software development, and so is test documentation. You need to ensure your software works effectively for your end users and fulfills its intended purpose.Still, many development teams may not consider documentation the most exciting task on their to-do list.&nbsp;



And yet, manual testers, test engineers, functional testers and QA analysts all need effective documentation to achieve their goals concerning software testing in the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/phases-of-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Software Testing Lifecycle</a> (STLC).&nbsp;



Testing documentation is essential for software teams who see the value in thoroughly testing their software for bugs, poor functionality, and other issues.&nbsp;



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_Is_documentation_for_testing">1 What Is documentation for testing?</a></li><li><a href="#Importance_of_documentation_for_testers_and_testing">2 Importance of documentation for testers and testing</a></li><li><a href="#What_documentation_do_QA_teams_use">3 What documentation do QA teams use?</a><ul><li><a href="#Test_case">3.1 Test case</a></li><li><a href="#Test_plan">3.2 Test plan</a></li><li><a href="#Test_scenario">3.3 Test scenario</a></li><li><a href="#Test_report">3.4 Test report</a></li><li><a href="#Checklist">3.5 Checklist</a></li><li><a href="#Bug_report">3.6 Bug report</a></li><li><a href="#Requirements">3.7 Requirements</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#When_can_documentation_be_too_much">4 When can documentation be too much?</a></li><li><a href="#Best_practices_for_getting_best_results_from_documentation_for_testing">5 Best practices for getting best results from documentation for testing</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">6 Summary</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">7 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#1_What_does_documentation_for_testing_contain">7.1 1. What does documentation for testing contain?</a></li><li><a href="#2_What_are_the_types_of_documentation_for_testers_and_testing">7.2 2. What are the types of documentation for testers and testing?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-documentation-for-testing">What Is documentation for testing?</h2>



You may be familiar with software testing, but what is testing documentation? Test documentation is defined as any documentation that is produced during the testing phase of the software development process, enabling the QA team to test the product and help fulfill requirements effectively.



Software test documentation refers to artifacts that may be produced before, during, and after the testing phase to enable successful testing. It includes records and plans for testing tasks that keep testers informed about the state of the software testing.



Test documentation enables testing teams to formulate a coherent plan for thoroughly testing a software product and systematically check all the boxes for designing, implementing tests and recording results.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-importance-of-documentation-for-testers-and-testing">Importance of documentation for testers and testing</h2>



Whether you are a C-level executive, developer, test engineer, QA analyst, or product team member, you must know about test documentation. Having <a href="https://document360.com/blog/internal-documentation/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">internal documentation</a> also facilitates seamless knowledge sharing within the team, ensuring everyone is on the same page and promoting collaboration for effective testing.



<ul><li>Documentation should be part of your definition of done. For example, you shouldn’t be able to test a feature until it has the appropriate documentation. Test documentation is a vital part of that process, and receiving the correct documentation from the developers, such as a software requirements spec, is critical for effective testing.&nbsp;</li><li>Test documentation eliminates much of the confusion and anxiety involved in the testing phase of your software product when your entire testing team has access to the appropriate documents. Testing teams understand what needs to be tested and have access to detailed plans of how the testing is intended to be executed.</li><li>Test documentation saves time by clearly articulating the tasks that need to be completed by engineers, analysts, and so on. It prevents testing taking up more resources than it needs, and testers spend less time rehashing topics that have already been decided, improving overall <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-efficiency/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test efficiency</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>You have a record of the changes that have been made to your software and any bugs that have resulted.&nbsp;</li><li>New members of your team can get up to speed with the testing phase through access to comprehensive test documentation.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li><li>Clients may require test documentation to arrive at the successful completion of the software project.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-what-documentation-do-qa-teams-use">What documentation do QA teams use?</h2>



The most frequently used artifacts used in test documentation are as follows:&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-test-case">Test case</h3>



A <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test case</a> is a detailed description of the exact steps a tester needs to go through to evaluate the functionality of a particular feature, including the criteria for passing the test. Test cases result in standardization for different testers conducting the same software test.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-test-plan">Test plan</h3>



A test plan is a comprehensive overview of all the activities involved in the testing phase of the software development cycle. It includes the testing scope, scheduling, and resources to provide a high-level perspective for the QA team when conducting their work.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-test-scenario">Test scenario</h3>



A test scenario clearly outlines the multiple methods of testing the software, which leads to individual test cases being developed. It involves identifying how the user could misuse the system and planning tests for those outcomes.



<h3 id="test-report">Test report</h3>



A record of the status of each test case that has been run so you can look back on the outcome of each test. The test report gives a broad overview of all the testing activities that have been performed, while a defect report records any feature in the software that fails to work as expected.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-checklist">Checklist</h3>



A checklist is an alternative to a test case which provides a list of the software features that the tester needs to analyze, alongside a description of their functionality and the test outcome.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-bug-report">Bug report</h3>



One of the primary jobs of a tester is to search for bugs within the software, and a bug report is a log of any bugs identified alongside the process for how to recreate the bug. It includes details of the impact the bug will have on the system and recommendations for prioritizing it.



<h3 id="h-requirements">Requirements</h3>



Also known as a software requirements specification, the requirement is a full description of the functions and features of the software being built to ensure that all teams, including software, product and testing, are fully informed.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-when-can-documentation-be-too-much">When can documentation be too much?</h2>



Though we have covered the main advantages of test documentation,&nbsp; a scenario can arise in which documentation is too much for your team. Firstly, it can be very time consuming to maintain the documentation, which is time that could be spent on other tasks that are more critical to the software development process. Your testing team members may not be best deployed in writing documentation.&nbsp;



<ul><li>If you don’t use professional writers, the documentation could be poorly written, making it hard for your testers to use the documents in their work and affecting the uptake of the documentation.&nbsp;</li><li>Outdated documentation could create confusion among your test team and slow down the software development process. Inaccuracies can lead to errors and loss of faith in your testing team, who are struggling to fulfill their roles without relevant documentation.</li><li>Finally, the cost of producing and maintaining the test documentation may outweigh its value in the organization, especially if the team uses it sparingly.&nbsp;</li></ul>



That being said, test documentation as a whole increases the chances of success for your testing team and the overall software development project, as long as you can avoid these common pitfalls.&nbsp;



Investing in just enough, rather than too much, documentation is key to an effective testing process.&nbsp;



<h2 id="h-best-practices-for-getting-best-results-from-documentation-for-testing">Best practices for getting best results from documentation for testing</h2>



Here are some best practices for writing the best test documentation that performs well in practice.&nbsp;



<ul><li>Use a knowledge base system as a single source of truth – you want your test documentation to be kept all in one place so every team member knows where to find your documents without wasting time searching. Without a single source of truth, team members may lose faith in the documentation or recreate documents needlessly.&nbsp;</li><li>Keep your test documentation up-to-date in line with shifting requirements – it hardly needs to state that the requirements of a software product are constantly changing, so you’ll need to keep your documentation in line with these shifts, to reflect the state of the software accurately.&nbsp;</li><li>Keep your documentation private to protect sensitive information being leaked – another advantage of using dedicated <a href="https://youtu.be/q0hRyx2HZYo" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">knowledge base software</a> is that you can keep your documentation private, restricted only to your team. High levels of security are available to ensure that no unauthorized parties have access to your documents.&nbsp;</li><li>Educate your team about the importance of test documentation – documentation will only work in your testing team if everyone involved is educated about the importance of documenting your activities. Creating, maintaining, and using documentation are all vital aspects of developing a thriving documentation culture.&nbsp;</li><li>Regularly prune your test documentation for relevancy – It get better results when you frequently remove documents that are no longer useful so that your testing team and other stakeholders get the maximum benefit from the documentation.&nbsp;</li><li>Only document what is directly related to your testing activities – documentation that is too comprehensive ends up being unwieldy and less than useful to your testers. Only document the core activities of your&nbsp; testing team to ensure that each document has a purpose.&nbsp;</li><li>Avoid treating documenting as a box-checking exercise – when your testing team only documents in order to fulfill requirements, it becomes an uninspiring box-checking exercise that feels like a waste of time. Clearly articulate the business-critical reason for documenting and your team will be more motivated.&nbsp;</li><li>Follow a style guide to ensure consistency across documentation&nbsp; – documentation must be consistent across the company no matter who is writing it, and for that you need a style guide that everyone adheres to.&nbsp;</li><li>Make use of version control to track the documentation – opt for a system that keeps track of different versions of your documentation so you always know what changes have been made and by whom. Version control shows how your documentation has changed over time and allows you to revert back if necessary.&nbsp;</li></ul>



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<h2 id="h-summary">Summary</h2>



Thus, as we discussed &#8211; effective test documentation is vital for successful software testing. But keeping a balance, and not over-doing it is the key.



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="1-what-does-documentation-for-testing-contain">1. What does documentation for testing contain?</h3>



Documentation for testing contains information relating to different aspects of the software testing process, such as planning the types of tests you intend to perform and recording and analyzing results. Test documentation is a form of communication between testers and other members of the development team.&nbsp;



<h3 id="2-what-are-the-types-of-documentation-for-testers-and-testing">2. What are the types of documentation for testers and testing?</h3>



There are several different types of documentation for testers and testing that will vary according to your organization. All types of documentation are relevant for software testing teams, and can include such artifacts as test cases, test scenarios and test reports.

Documentation for Testing Benefits, Examples, and Best Practices

Documentation for Testing: Benefits, Examples, and Best Practices

Impact Analysis In Software Testing- A Complete Overview

E-Commerce Testing - What, Why & How You Should Do It

E-Commerce Testing – What, Why & How You Should Do It?

Ever wondered how computers interact with each other, what happens behind the visible screen when systems process the user request. The answer is simple and interesting, we humans use verbal and non verbal communication to communicate with one another, similarly the computers use&nbsp; Application Programming Interface to interact with one or more computers that are connected over the internet without user intervention. The <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/api-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing</a> methods help validate the API set-up of the application.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_an_API">1 What is an API?</a></li><li><a href="#What_are_API_Methods">2 What are API Methods?</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_API_Testingnbsp">3 What is API Testing?&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#Why_test_API_methodsnbsp">4 Why test API methods?&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#What_is_meant_by_Testing_API_Methodsnbsp">5 What is meant by Testing API Methods?&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_test_different_API_methodsnbsp">6 How to test different API methods&nbsp;</a><ul><li><a href="#Manual_ways_to_test_APIsnbsp">6.1 Manual ways to test APIs&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#Automated_ways_to_test_APIsnbsp">6.2 Automated ways to test APIs&nbsp;</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#Challenges_in_testing_different_API_methodsnbsp">7 Challenges in testing different API methods&nbsp;</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">8 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-an-api">What is an API?</h2>



Application Programming Interface commonly called as API, is an integral part of software testing. It deals with testing the application interface from the backend layer based on the application’s logic. It follows a request and response protocol for communication, the&nbsp; request is from the client and response is from the server side. Here the client is usually the front end software and the server is the backend logic.&nbsp;



The application interface holds the information of the internal details of how the system functions. These are not directly accessed or visible to the end users, the programmers can build tailored API for the specific system or a shared one that allows others systems to access supporting interoperability.&nbsp; Which is why the design of the API highly depends on the software architecture.&nbsp;



At a high level we can say that both systems and softwares use APIs for accessing and executing purposes. The API specifications either showcase its behavior or the way in which it links with other APIs. It helps in standardizing the data flow and data exchange between web services. When the specifications are met and are used, making it available for customer interface then that is implementing or exposing the API.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/IKlWhMjGbfq1PiXVGZ2qoLU4nN2lCtSSho63DYKl0JUbSuEOA6B5D_fmN3ImrVIz7uQX8zqhOx9eEqGLZE52F2o-cjOHZaE2TmQZHsnCA-W_5ofG4sKEJhl50G8qt_gEjEzuCfka_2D7Raf8fB47tbo" alt="How API Works" width="600" height="360" /></figure></div>



There are different types of APIs :&nbsp;



<ul><li>Private APIs : It is built and assessed specifically for a particular organization and only used in-house.&nbsp;</li><li>Partner APIs : The company provides access to potential customers or partners based on agreement&nbsp;</li><li>Public APIs: The access is open to public developers and used for commercial purposes.&nbsp;</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-what-are-api-methods">What are API Methods?</h2>



When we speak of API methods, the Web APIs use HTTP protocol for communication. As we know it follows the client server model, where the client sends the request and the server responds. There are many ways in which HTTP sends requests,which are the HTTP verbs and referred to by the value of their request method property.&nbsp; The important and most commonly used API methods&nbsp; are:&nbsp;



GET request&nbsp;



<ul><li>This is most common request and it is used to request data from the server&nbsp;</li><li>It retrieves and represents the exact data present and does not modify or perform task</li><li>Even if multiple identical requests are made, it returns the same result, this is called Idempotent&nbsp;</li><li>The Get request follows the read method from the CRUD operations&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>



Example:&nbsp;



<ul><li>Get API used to load a website or navigate to a landing page&nbsp;</li><li>To get the popular items in a particular category, say latest filter applied&nbsp; for new products under home decor section on a ecommerce website&nbsp;</li></ul>



POST&nbsp; request&nbsp;



<ul><li>It is used to send the data to the server to create or update a resource, therefore data mutation happens.&nbsp;</li><li>When same request is sent twice, it leads to duplication, it is called&nbsp; Non-Idempotent</li><li>The Post request follows the create method from the CRUD operations&nbsp;</li></ul>



Example:&nbsp;



<ul><li>When creating a new user account in gmail, it sends a Post request.&nbsp;</li><li>While registering for a webinar on a site, the Post API is used. All the data entered in the field are put in the response body of the request and sent to the server&nbsp;</li></ul>



PUT request&nbsp;



<ul><li>It is used to send data to the API for creating or updating an existing resource.</li><li>The difference between Put and Post is that the Put API is Idempotent.</li><li>Put will replace the resource in its entirety&nbsp;</li></ul>



Example:



<ul><li>Editing an existing students record in the student&#8217;s portal&nbsp;</li></ul>



DELETE request&nbsp;



<ul><li>It is used to delete a single or list of resources, more commonly found in RESTful API. It has to be used with caution.&nbsp;</li><li>Multiple identical requests for deleting the same resource will return a 404.&nbsp;</li></ul>



Example:



<ul><li>Delete API is used to remove the irrelevant user data from the records&nbsp;</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-what-is-api-testing">What is API Testing?&nbsp;</h2>



Software testing is done to check the quality of the software. Since API is the code that enables connection and communication between two software programs, the presentation layer and the backend database. It is important to check whether or not the APIs are connected properly.



API testing is one of the software testing practices where we test the APIs directly for its functionality, on its reliability, the performance, and most importantly the security. APIs are also tested as a part of integration testing, since the design of the software architecture and design of API are highly interdependent.



An overview of the process flow to conduct API testing is as follows:&nbsp;



Step 1: Understand and review API specification&nbsp;



Step 2: List down the API testing requirements&nbsp;



Step 3: Build the API testing strategy and API testing methods&nbsp;



Step 4: Set up the API testing environment&nbsp;



Step 5: Run tests using both positive and negative scenarios&nbsp;



Today most companies follow the concept of shift left testing, testing from the early stage to avoid bottlenecks. So testing starts from the bottom of the pyramid and goes all the way to the top. The bottom layer is the unit layer, where the developers perform code tests by writing unit test cases. Moving to the second level which is the server level where the API testing is done. It is then followed by the UI testing using GUI tests.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/PuuRMpUOlKuAp_nii5QDpnM2q_5cgAthTma6YoaHouh55u54KZyYZK37SShMR6G92Qn4Jpbbh0ewDhhPxety_WLUelH2aeUXYKJCeaS2VOHYwgqZ8e7YegzFT7mur3rz2x8gQfojTXGqMoVrEgcqp_Q" alt="API Layer" width="431" height="369" /></figure></div>



<h2 id="h-why-test-api-methods">Why test API methods?&nbsp;</h2>



With a huge number of API requests churned out each day, API testing is needed because it helps in validating if the API setup performs as expected and returns output as intended. The tests will cover API functionality, reliability, performance and security.&nbsp;



The reason why <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/sanity-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing is important</a> is because of the following reasons:&nbsp;



<ul><li>API testing process is done before UI testing and it helps identify and eliminate most of the server level errors. Also, API testing consumes less testing time and testing cost than GUI testing</li><li>Since the API testing process helps in code-level functionality validation, it helps in identifying the small bugs before it turns into a critical one.&nbsp;</li><li>It helps in securing and optimizing the communication between servers and systems. It also focuses on checking if the business logic laid down is correct at the API level. Since it also includes dealing with sensitive data, checking for API security is crucial. It checks the APIs for compliance and security.&nbsp;</li><li>By ensuring the APIs perform as expected it helps to safeguard the business reputation for quality assurance in the minds of the customer and help them develop trust.&nbsp;</li><li>Checking and aligning the API testing strategy with CI/CD pipeline is important as&nbsp; it provides room for faster release cycle with reduced number of errors.&nbsp;</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-what-is-meant-by-testing-api-methods">What is meant by Testing API Methods?&nbsp;</h2>



Once the API set up is ready, it is tested based on the&nbsp; API testing methods. There are several ways to test the APIs and that can be done both manually and automated. From developer to testers to the DevOps engineers all create API testing strategy to conduct crucial tests in order to check and validate the API setup and its integration from end to end. Testing individual services or endpoint can be easy, but what is more important is to test the framework completely and eliminate errors in the setup at the earliest



<h2 id="h-how-to-test-different-api-methods">How to test different API methods&nbsp;</h2>



<h3 id="h-manual-ways-to-test-apis">Manual ways to test APIs&nbsp;</h3>



In Manual testing, the testing is done manually without the use of test scripts.



Exploratory testing: Just like the name suggests the testers explore the application to identify bugs. Testers could do black box testing by sending the requests to API and check if the desired output is received. In case of white box API testing, the testers usually try to find out and validate the API functions using the source code.&nbsp;



Usability testing: This type of testing depends on the API structure, usability goal and user segment. The API structure has to be reliable and usable. This testing is majorly user-centric, and the testing is carried out mimicking how the target user group&nbsp; would use the software. It helps validate the product’s functionality from the end users perspective.&nbsp;



Ad.hoc testing: It is usually carried out after the formal testing is done. The testers randomly test the product to check for any loopholes. It is done to check the stability of the overall APIs integration. It is mostly done when minor tweaks or new features are added to the product, the testers will right away check the specific update without any pre-defined planning or documentation of test cases.&nbsp;



<h3 id="h-automated-ways-to-test-apis">Automated ways to test APIs&nbsp;</h3>



In automation testing the tests are automated using automation frameworks or tools.&nbsp;



Functional testing: It is performed to validate if the API performs as expected. The functionality of the API is tested using both positive and negative test scenarios to see if it returns the intended output. The API has to be well built to identify the valid and invalid requests&nbsp; Functional API testing can be a little challenging because of the lack of GUI. So the functional testing testing of API starts with verification of authentication process&nbsp;



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Load testing: This is mainly to see how the API functions under heavy traffic. Based on the requirements, it involves stimulating a large amount of request volume and checking the response output and response time (ranging from per second or per minute to per hour)&nbsp; and looking out for errors. It is to check how the API operates under load. Load testing is carried out in regular intervals to record the performance benchmarks and breaking point of the APIs.&nbsp;



Security testing: The APIs along with its basic functionality also have security requirements listed down, such as authentication and access control. It is to protect the data and application from hacker attacks.&nbsp;



Regression testing: Testers prefer regression testing when their application is updated at frequent intervals, for example if new features are added during every sprint, and when there is a need for repeated testing. It helps to save time and efforts in re-running the <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/test-scenario" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test scenarios</a> multiple times.



Searching and selecting the right tool for API testing and forming an API testing strategy is a crucial step. Testsigma is a low-code test automation platform, where tests are created using NLPs . Since it is low-code it does not require any prior coding knowledge and also helps non-coders to perform testing with ease.&nbsp;



Testsigma also provides Integrated Automated API testing. Testsigma’s API testing capabilities helps automate API testing for web, mobile and desktop applications using Natural Language Programming. It&nbsp; becomes a one stop solution for test management, test authoring, test execution and reporting without expertise in coding languages.&nbsp;



It enables the creation of tests for REST API methods &#8211; GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, thereby providing complete all inclusive test coverage for APIs. It also supports data driven API tests and validates expected vs actual responses in real time and reflects the errors in the test status and test reports.&nbsp;



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<h2 id="h-challenges-in-testing-different-api-methods">Challenges in testing different API methods&nbsp;</h2>



Aligning the Initial setup of APIs with the requirements and sequencing the API calls is a mandatory step and it takes time and effort. In order to reduce manual intervention in API testing, identifying, automating and validating the tests can be initially challenging.&nbsp;



<ul><li>Checking the system integration for APIs&nbsp; is a major task performed focusing more on the API design to evaluate its performance and validate each and every response to check if all the API calls are working properly.&nbsp;</li><li>Every time there are changes such as a new feature update or enhancements, it is necessary to keep track of the API tests and the impact on the API test automation process setup.</li><li>Validating the API parameters correctly and setting up required checkpoints is an important step to avoid security or stability issues.&nbsp;</li><li>Updating schema of API tests is a significant step, since schema provides the API syntax and grammar of the test documents, it is important to update the schema accordingly on every update and maintain it through the testing process.&nbsp;</li><li>It is a critical decision making process on choosing the right tool for testing API that fits the budget and also meets the API testing requirements.&nbsp;</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



In today’s modern business environment, API testing is blooming and is an essential part of developing the application. Conducting the automated API testing not only helps in time and cost saving, it also makes it an integral part of the <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/azure-ci-cd-pipeline/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CI/CD pipeline</a>. It enables the business to provide quality applications and better user experience to the customers.

Testing API Methods A Comprehensive Guide

Testing API Methods: A Comprehensive Guide

Test estimation techniques refer to the methods and approaches used to determine or estimate the effort, time, and resources required for testing activities in software development projects.



 Estimating the testing effort is crucial for effective project planning, resource allocation, and scheduling.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#What_is_Software_Test_Estimation">1 What is Software Test Estimation?</a></li><li><a href="#Why_Test_Estimation">2 Why Test Estimation?</a></li><li><a href="#What_to_estimate">3 What to estimate?</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Estimation_Techniques">4 Test Estimation Techniques</a></li><li><a href="#Test_estimation_best_practices">5 Test estimation best practices</a></li><li><a href="#Software_Test_Estimation_Template">6 Software Test Estimation Template</a></li><li><a href="#Summary">7 Summary</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-what-is-software-test-estimation">What is Software Test Estimation?</h2>



Software test estimation is a managerial task that involves assessing and approximating the required time, resources, and costs for executing tests in a specific environment. It serves as a projection that aids in preventing time constraints and exceeding budgets.&nbsp;



<h2 id="why-test-estimation">Why Test Estimation?</h2>



Test estimation is conducted for several important reasons: 



<ul><li>Project Planning: With correct estimations done, the overall project timeline can be kept under check. Project managers can create realistic schedules and allocate resources as per need if they know the time required for testing activities well in advance. This allows for effective coordination with development and other project activities. </li><li>Resource Allocation: With test estimations in place, the resource allocations: namely number of testers, testing tools, and testing environments required, can be allocated diligently and efficiently. It helps to ensure that overallocation or underutilization of resources is avoided. </li><li>Budgeting and Cost Control: Budgets are crucial to any project’s success. Expenses like&nbsp; personnel costs, infrastructure costs, and tooling costs can be estimated well if testing efforts are estimated efficiently. By having a clear understanding of the expected costs, organizations can create accurate budgets, monitor expenses, and prevent cost overruns. </li><li>Risk Management: Estimation can also help build visibility into any potential risks associated with testing including areas that may require additional attention or resources. This allows for risk mitigation strategies to be implemented proactively. </li><li>Stakeholder Expectations: Estimation helps set realistic expectations with project stakeholders, including clients, managers, and development teams.</li></ul>



<ul><li>Project Optimization: Accurate estimation allows for better planning and optimization of testing activities. It helps identify opportunities for process improvements, resource optimization, and automation, leading to increased efficiency and productivity in the testing process.</li></ul>



<h2 id="what-to-estimate">What to estimate?</h2>



Estimation techniques are employed to estimate various aspects of software development projects. These techniques are used to estimate the effort, time, resources, and costs associated with different project components.&nbsp;



<ol><li>With estimation techniques, one can estimate the effort required for activities such as analysis, design, coding, testing, documentation, and project management.&nbsp;</li><li>They help in estimating the time required to complete the project or specific milestones, considering dependencies and constraints.</li><li>&nbsp;Estimation techniques also assist in estimating the resources needed, including team members, their skills, tools, and infrastructure.&nbsp;</li><li>Additionally, these techniques can be applied to estimate the complexity of features and functionalities, identify potential risks and uncertainties, and estimate the effort required for testing, documentation, and other project activities.&nbsp;</li></ol>



<h2 id="test-estimation-techniques">Test Estimation Techniques</h2>



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter is-resized"><img loading="lazy" src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/BY0yzT3-XFDJ3_wNH3Ty9iA-bduolGzmGa7JFylQvKO0rkpM0exl7E0gOQUVVUYaTWZPVs9RFPqtUyaVJ_Tnw_ioFiBJItqjJ7ZexbMlevfmGFv1O-7lTX2V-1y8tR7pgW3ypw_yRTHNUjcL9aBVrlM" alt="Test Estimation Techniques" width="500" height="360"/></figure></div>



Following is a list of most common but widely used test estimation techniques:



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Estimation Techniques</td><td>Brief introduction</td></tr><tr><td>Work Breakdown Structure</td><td>It is a method of breaking down large tasks into smaller, easily executable groups</td></tr><tr><td>3-Point Software Estimation Test</td><td>Tasks are broken down into smaller tasks, and then each task is estimated based on 3 points &#8211; Best case, Most likely and Worst case estimates</td></tr><tr><td>Wideband Delphi Method</td><td>It is a technique where an expert set of panel comes together to determine the most probable outcome and they have a common consensus</td></tr><tr><td>Functional Point Analysis</td><td>Large tasks are broken down into small tasks. Each small task is then estimated based on size, cost and duration of project</td></tr><tr><td>Agile Estimation</td><td>In these techniques, the current data and past&nbsp; experience are used for estimation and new information is continuously integrated into the project to refine the process of estimation</td></tr><tr><td>Distribution in Percentage</td><td>Here, every stage is assigned or assessed in terms of percentages. This is to find how much effort should be put into each stage of the testing cycle.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



Check Out: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/agile-estimation-techniques/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Agile Estimation Techniques</a>



<h2 id="test-estimation-best-practices">Test estimation best practices</h2>



Test estimation is a critical aspect of the <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/software-engineering-software-development-life-cycle" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">software development cycle</a>. Accurate estimation helps in planning, resource allocation, and project management. Here are some best practices for test estimation:



<ul><li>Understand Requirements: You should have a thorough understanding of the project requirements before you begin estimating. Any ambiguities or incomplete requirements can lead to inaccurate estimates.</li><li>Break Down Tasks: Rather than estimating the whole story as a single value, breakdown the testing effort into smaller, manageable tasks. This will make the estimation process more precise and will reduce the risk of overlooking important aspects.</li><li>Use Historical Data: Sometimes historical data can help estimate better and faster. A similar story may have been estimated and worked upon earlier. Refer to past projects with similar scope and complexity to gain insights into the testing effort required.&nbsp;</li><li>Involve the Right Experts: Ask your team members if someone else has worked upon a similar story estimation. This input from experienced testers, test leads, and other stakeholders shall improve the accuracy of estimates.</li><li>Use Estimation Techniques: Utilize the most suitable technique based on the project&#8217;s characteristics.</li><li>Consider Risk Factors: Any potential risks that may impact testing efforts should be identified in the beginning. Factor in additional time for handling unforeseen issues that could arise during testing.</li><li>Account for Environment and Infrastructure: Ensure that the required test environments, tools, and infrastructure are considered in the estimation. Setting up and maintaining these resources can take time.</li><li>Review and Validate: A fresh eye can often see what a repetitive eye cannot see. Ask someone to review and this may help in better estimations.</li><li>Update Estimations: As the project progresses and more information becomes available, reassess and update the estimates accordingly. Make sure you mention a reason for changing original estimation for any future reference.</li><li>Track and Learn: Keep track of the actual time and effort spent on testing activities and compare them with the estimated values. Analyze any discrepancies and learn from them to improve future estimations.</li></ul>



Remember that estimation is not an exact science, and unforeseen circumstances can affect the actual effort required. Regularly revisit and adjust the estimates as the project progresses to ensure a successful testing phase.



<h2 id="software-test-estimation-template">Software Test Estimation Template</h2>



Here is a sample template to be used for software estimations.



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Project Name: [Name of the Project]</td><td> </td></tr><tr><td>Estimation Date: [Date of Estimation]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Estimation Prepared By: [Name of Estimator]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Estimation Reviewed By: [Name of Reviewer]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Project Overview:[Provide a brief overview of the project, its objectives, and scope.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Test Scope:[List the in-scope items for testing, including modules, features, and functionalities.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Test Types Included:[List the types of testing that will be performed, such as functional, regression, performance, security, etc.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Assumptions:[List any assumptions made during the estimation process.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Estimation Technique:[Specify the technique used for estimation (e.g., Expert Judgment, Three-Point Estimation, Delphi Technique, etc.)]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Contingency:[Specify any contingency effort included to account for unforeseen issues and risks.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Dependencies:[List any dependencies that may impact the testing effort, such as availability of developers or test environment.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Risks and Mitigation Strategies:[List potential risks related to testing and the strategies planned to mitigate them.]</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Estimation Approval:[Include a section for relevant stakeholders to approve the estimation.]</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Test Effort Breakdown</td></tr><tr><td>Test Activity&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td><td>Estimated Effort (hours/days) |&nbsp;</td><td>Assumptions/Notes</td></tr><tr><td>Test Planning and Strategy</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-case-design-techniques/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Case Design</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Test Environment Setup</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Test Data Preparation</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Test Execution&nbsp;&nbsp; -Functional -Regression -Performance -Security -Other</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Defect Reporting and Tracking</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-closure-report/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Closure and Reporting</a></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Total Estimated Test Effort&nbsp;</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



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Here is a guide that talks about the different types and techniques of software testing
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<h2 id="summary">Summary</h2>



The test estimation techniques are not just useful for testing software but can be helpful for the entire software development life cycle. Above mentioned techniques can be combined with each other to get a much more precise estimation. Getting accurate estimation for any project is a vital step in using the resources, time, and skills to their maximum potential.



What is the 3-point estimation in testing?
The Three-Point Estimation, also known as the PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) estimation, is a technique used in project management, including testing, to provide a more realistic and reliable estimate for task durations or effort. In the context of testing, the Three-Point Estimation involves considering three estimates for each task:
<ul>
<li>Optimistic Estimate (O): This is the best-case scenario estimate, assuming everything goes perfectly without any unexpected issues or delays.</li>
<li>Most Likely Estimate (M): This is the estimate based on a realistic scenario, considering typical challenges and factors that might affect the task.</li>
<li>Pessimistic Estimate (P): This is the worst-case scenario estimate, assuming various difficulties and potential delays come into play.</li>
</ul>
Using these three estimates, the PERT formula is applied to calculate the Expected Duration (ED) or Expected Effort (EE) for the task: 
ED=(O+4M+P)/6
This formula places more weight on the “Most Likely Estimate” while incorporating the Optimistic and Pessimistic Estimates to balance out the influence of overly optimistic or pessimistic assumptions.



How many test estimation techniques are available?
There are several test estimation techniques available that project managers and teams can use to estimate the effort, time, and resources required for testing activities. Some of the commonly used test estimation techniques include:

<ul>
<li>Expert Judgment</li>
<li>Analogous Estimation</li>
<li>Parametric Estimation</li>
<li>Three-Point Estimation (PERT)</li>
<li>Delphi Technique</li>
<li>Wideband Delphi</li>
<li>Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)</li>
<li>Use Case Point Estimation</li>
<li>Test Point Analysis</li>
<li>Function Point Analysis</li>
<li>Comparative Estimation</li>
<li>Vendor Bid Analysis</li>
</ul>
These are just a few popular ones. Remember that each of these techniques has its strengths and weaknesses and may be more suitable for different project scenarios. Project managers often choose the technique that aligns with the project&#8217;s characteristics, available data, and team expertise.

Software Test Estimation Techniques & Best Practices

Decision Table Testing A Complete Overview

Waterfall Model In Software Testing | What it is & Example?

Ultimate Guide to Enterprise Application Testing

Enterprise Application Testing – The Ultimate Guide

A login page is important for any website/application to grant secure access to its customers. But do you know what is more important than that? A bug-free login page.&nbsp;



Certainly, no business wants an outsider to come in contact with the private data of other users. And if you run an enterprise that wants to avoid such issues, it&#8217;s important to focus on verifying the “password” and “forgot password” fields of the login page.&nbsp;



This exhaustive blog post on writing forgot password test cases is sure to assist you in the development of a login page for your upcoming projects.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Test_Cases_for_Password">1 Test Cases for Password</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">2 Test Cases For Forgot Password</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Automate_Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">3 When to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Automate_Test_Cases_For_Forgot_Password">4 How to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">5 Conclusion</a></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-test-cases-for-password">Test Cases for Password</h2>



Although the password is one single field on the login page, you will realize how important it is to create password test cases so your customers are not left confused when they misplace the login credentials. Here is a list of test cases for the password field that you can follow:



<ul><li>Verify if a valid password is allowing users to successfully log in to their accounts.</li><li>Check if an invalid password entry is preventing users from logging into the account.</li><li>Check if an error message displays when the entered password is wrong.</li><li>Validate that the password field is case-sensitive.</li><li>Verify the size, font, and placement of the password input field on the page.</li><li>Check that the entered password is not visible at first and is hidden by some special characters (dots, asterisk, or such).</li><li>Test if the option to make the password visible (usually, Show Password) is present or not.</li><li>Test if clicking on the Show Password button makes the password visible to the user.</li><li>Validate that the character limit for the password field is accurate and within the range specified in the specification documents.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-test-cases-for-forgot-password">Test Cases For Forgot Password</h2>



Similar to test cases for the password field, there are many test cases for the forgot password option. Knowledge of these different tests will help you run the right cases and scripts to verify the forgot password functionality on the login page. It is an essential requirement that every user will use once. We recommend that you properly understand the value of the forgot password function before building or running the below tests.



<figure class="wp-block-table"><table><tbody><tr><td>Features under test</td><td>Test cases</td></tr><tr><td>Forgot password link</td><td>Check that the forgot password option is visible on the page. Verify that the forgot password link is clickable. Verify that clicking on the link takes the user to the forgot password page.</td></tr><tr><td>Forgot password functionality</td><td>Check if you receive an email with a password reset link with valid credentials. Check if an error message is displayed when you provide an invalid email address for forgot password. Verify that you get the password reset link for an already registered email. Login after resetting the password and see if you can successfully log in. Test that you receive a confirmation message or email after changing/resetting the password. Test if the password reset option ensures taking input that follows the guidelines of password creation. Check and see if the user gets blocked when they try to reset the password beyond a certain number of attempts. Verify that the reset password link is disabled after the new password is set. If there are any security questions, check if they are displayed right and take only valid answers. Verify that the password reset link email is sent only to the particular user’s email.</td></tr></tbody></table></figure>



<h2 id="h-when-to-automate-test-cases-for-forgot-password">When to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</h2>



Both password and forgot password options have many test cases that call for thorough understanding and attention. Missing out on even one test or its result can prove to be fatal for the entire software. It may give access to an individual who is not the right user or deny entry to the owner of the account. To avoid any of such instances and more of a similar manner and intensity, automating the <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/test-case" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> for the password field along with forgot password option is an essential choice.



You should automate your test cases when:



<ul><li>There are numerous test cases that require immense manual effort and a high budget.</li><li>Your team has fewer members working on the project.</li><li>There are communication/collaboration issues when testing is done manually.</li><li>You want to avoid human-borne problems.</li><li>It is clear to you that opting for <a href="https://testsigma.com/automated-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation</a> will save you time, money, and the discomfort of working on the same thing again and again.</li></ul>



<h2 id="h-how-to-automate-test-cases-for-forgot-password">How to Automate Test Cases For Forgot Password?</h2>



For forgot password testing, you can go through the test cases that we have listed above. Here, we will take the example of verifying if the user receives an email upon clicking on the password reset button with the valid email address, with Testsigma as the test automation tool. Below is the Testsigma login page with Forgot Password link.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/bSOoxYtaZIWA9eIrTGOnTOBXFRsbaPqZVHjHrw6iPeuiC6BjC6JNydHjG_hb79hQ2BEDKF6wZxcxDhzlmUqRgb04qkEMgizZoHXsNnAYIK-vL5oKVukTC3jyf_B5vUqXplJ1JYH7MKRLf1WwrEWykcw" alt="Testsigma signup"/></figure></div>



This is the forgot password page we will request the link from:



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/BTkwxdE3eJ1H3NzFdy31FVqktxTXioTwBJiRfaF-uqYa164vnMY5Ja1nU835Ryl75A-jvOdRGsttwQFsgCM905IBPJjBKzCgTiMAc4h0ZHRavhqCPIR3-3y25VWxlgNq8sI5HMipUdtvSbiPSZk4uPg" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 2"/></figure></div>



Here are the steps on how you can automate the above-mentioned test case for forgot password with Testsigma tool:



Step 1:



Create a new test case with a name and navigation URL.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/tA516tUgbRWoM0ellM7gbqMtGyNYoNgnoLfECgAYuet9g-uuthwHRhs603zP2QQUHhnJ6WmDRfhi_djUpjTwhaV-fsjCsYatcrchgsRm6gZfBGYFgC9kQy2jPznhSLbUi1EgOwlr37YLJwcromMTm1Y" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 3"/></figure></div>



Step 2:



Create the test steps using NLP dropdowns or the record option available in the tool. Testsigma provides multiple NLP options that you can choose to build the test steps in plain English without any coding.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/H5GuXPK8LwyT4_tiJ-svV9IIUY9rJkT2nQIhq0Vyc0ZflTRO9xIQmew2fZYdd16mbJ6LmGZHngOJmVBiSz5aktWmEh585MbcGRX1INl6a9PU-kT_5z3VT7-7POlm6YEvMjOcZeqobFmA8Tm9iP9cA30" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 4"/></figure></div>



Step 3:



After you are done creating the tests, run them to see the pass and fail status. In this case, we have provided a valid email address to receive the password reset link, So the status would be Pass. You can also check screenshots and videos of the test to share with the team members.



<div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/NhvpdYdQoux8sLjdJEzceFQ9aB5jE9SgW4OIPdFCFQ-H7KQLUmLZ1ehKOtzXfM6NUn5Mj5hVJ_1uUQVHShkj_gBwBRVQsgWu7j0r905e7geaai97r1Ci4nwr9suFiU8X0Cy5EWDQXdcGHQxg3K-IAUE" alt="Test Cases For Forgot Password 5"/></figure></div>



Step 4:



Lastly, verify that you have received the email with the password reset link in your email. You can further check that the reset link is valid and works properly for you.



You can also check out how you can create <a href="https://testsigma.com/regression-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases for regression testing</a>, <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-cases-for-api-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">API testing</a>, and <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/what-types-of-test-cases-should-be-automated-for-efficient-cross-browser-testing/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cross-browser testing</a> blogs and guides to better understand Testsigma and its features.



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<h2 id="h-conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



A password is only as strong and safe as it is tested out to be. And if your application or system runs on data that needs proper authorization for user access, logging in with a username and password is intricate to your business. Here comes the need to verify password and forgot password fields with the right set of tests and automation tools.



Both these input fields ask for proper testing. We have listed almost all the necessary tests that you can follow to verify the fields. Also, check out the example we have highlighted with Testsigma and see how you can automate our web, application, and API within minutes without coding a single line.



How do you write a test case example?
A test case refers to a set of instructions that you need to run to verify certain features/functionality of the system. An example of a test case would be checking the search feature on a site by entering valid and invalid inputs.


How do you write a test case for a reset?
For a reset functionality, a test case would primarily look like checking the fields with valid and invalid input. Some of the tests would also be sending the right emails with proper reset links. We have discussed reset password test cases above in detail.


What are the possible test cases for the login page?
For the login page, test cases would include verifying the username and password functionality with positive and negative entries, checking the submit/login button, and validating successful login attempts.

How to Write Test Cases For Forgot Password and Password

How to Write Test Cases For Forgot Password and Password?

In today&#8217;s digital era, e-commerce websites have become an integral part of the retail industry. With the increasing number of online shoppers, it has become crucial for businesses to ensure that their e-commerce platforms are functioning seamlessly.&nbsp;



One of the key aspects of ensuring the quality and reliability of an e-commerce website is thorough testing.&nbsp;



In this article, we will explore the importance of testing e-commerce websites, provide a step-by-step guide on how to test them, discuss various test cases, and delve into the process of automating test cases for e-commerce websites.



<div id="toc_container" class="no_bullets">Table Of Contents<ul class="toc_list"><li><a href="#Why_Test_E-commerce_Websites">1 Why Test E-commerce Websites?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Test_an_E-commerce_Website">2 How to Test an E-commerce Website?</a></li><li><a href="#Test_Cases_for_E-commerce_Website">3 Test Cases for E-commerce Website</a></li><li><a href="#When_to_Automate_Your_E-commerce_Website_Test_Cases">4 When to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases?</a></li><li><a href="#How_to_Automate_Your_E-commerce_Website_Test_Cases">5 How to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases:</a></li><li><a href="#Tools_for_Automating_E-commerce_Tests">6 Tools for Automating E-commerce Tests</a></li><li><a href="#Benefits_of_E-commerce_Testing">7 Benefits of E-commerce Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Challenges_of_E-commerce_Testing">8 Challenges of E-commerce Testing:</a></li><li><a href="#Conclusion">9 Conclusion</a></li><li><a href="#Frequently_Asked_Questions">10 Frequently Asked Questions</a><ul><li><a href="#Q_What_should_I_test_on_an_e-commerce_website">10.1 Q: What should I test on an e-commerce website?</a></li></ul></li></ul></div>
<h2 id="h-why-test-e-commerce-websites">Why Test E-commerce Websites?</h2>



By thoroughly testing an e-commerce website, businesses can enhance customer satisfaction, build trust, and increase conversion rates. Moreover, testing enables businesses to validate the functionality, usability, security, and performance of their platforms.



<h2 id="how-to-test-an-e-commerce-website">How to Test an E-commerce Website?</h2>



Testing an e-commerce website involves a systematic approach to cover all essential aspects. Here are the general steps to follow:



1. Identify Test Scenarios: Begin by understanding the different user actions and interactions that can occur on the website. This includes scenarios like user registration, product search, adding items to the cart, payment processing, and order placement.



2. Define Test Cases: Once the test scenarios are identified, create specific test cases for each scenario. Test cases should include inputs, expected outputs, and any preconditions or dependencies.



3. Prioritize Test Cases: Prioritize the test cases based on the criticality of the functionality being tested, user impact, and business requirements.



4. Execute Test Cases: Execute the defined test cases on the e-commerce website, following the test scripts and documenting the results.



5. Log and Track Defects: If any defects are found during the testing process, log them in a defect tracking system and track their resolution until they are fixed.



6. Retest Fixed Defects: After the identified defects are resolved, retest the affected areas to ensure the fixes are effective and have not introduced any new issues.



In addition to the above, please find below a diagram that showcases a few important things to test in an E-Commerce website.&nbsp;



<figure class="wp-block-image"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/5ckTO6MeRu8xgBNQuBxUZqsTq219Qb0BlvGM12bTTNoz-IXRnpbuCFOgMjOktyBBXuKnETZ-0F7e6vLxKcP_bRfdqlg2eAKIaofaFX20P7QsAojHSyIb1bIOwKtcKA1a4AZVOyU3Dk-A3ZfRCVDtYXI" alt="Testsigma - Test automation platform" /></figure>



 <h2 id="h-test-cases-for-e-commerce-website">Test Cases for E-commerce Website</h2>



<p id="test-cases-for-e-commerce-websitein-this-section-we-will-explore-various-test-cases-that-cover-different-areas-of-an-e-commerce-website-including-the-general-functionality-home-page-search-feature-payments-shopping-cart-address-book-and-registration-page-let-s-dive-into-each-of-these-categories-and-understand-the-key-test-cases-to-consider"> In this section, we will explore various test cases that cover different areas of an e-commerce website, including the general functionality, home page, search feature, payments, shopping cart, address book, and registration page. Let&#8217;s dive into each of these categories and understand the key test cases to consider: 



1. General Test Cases: 



&#8211; Verify that the website loads properly on different browsers and devices.



&#8211; Validate the responsiveness of the website design for mobile and tablet devices.



&#8211; Check if the website has a clear and consistent navigation menu for easy user browsing.



2. Home Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Ensure that the homepage displays relevant and updated information.



&#8211; Verify that featured products, promotions, and banners are visible and functioning correctly.



&#8211; Test the search functionality on the homepage to ensure accurate results.



3. Search Test Cases: 



&#8211; Validate the search functionality by testing different search queries and ensuring relevant products are displayed.



&#8211; Check if the search filters and sorting options work as expected.



&#8211; Test the search autocomplete feature for efficiency and accuracy.



4. Payments Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the different payment methods available on the website, such as credit cards, PayPal, or any other payment gateway.



&#8211; Validate that payment transactions are processed securely and without any errors.



&#8211; Verify that order confirmation emails are sent to customers after successful payment.



5. Shopping Cart Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Verify that products are added and removed from the cart correctly.



&#8211; Test the quantity update feature in the cart.



&#8211; Validate the subtotal, taxes, and shipping calculations on the cart page.



6. Address Book Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the address management feature, including adding, editing, and deleting addresses.



&#8211; Ensure that the addresses are correctly associated with the customer account.



&#8211; Validate that the selected shipping address is displayed accurately during the checkout process.



7. Registration Page Test Cases: 



&#8211; Test the user registration process, including form validation and error handling.



&#8211; Validate that user accounts are created successfully and can be logged in to.



&#8211; Verify that the account confirmation email is sent after registration.



In addition to the above test cases, it is equally important to understand the designing and techniques of the test cases. To have a thorough insight in the same, here is a recommended article by our team: <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-case-design-techniques/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Test Case Design Techniques in Software Testing</a>.&nbsp;



<h2 id="when-to-automate-your-e-commerce-website-test-cases">When to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases?</h2>



Automating test cases for an e-commerce website can significantly increase efficiency and speed up the testing process. Automation is recommended in the following scenarios:



&#8211; High frequency of test execution: When there are <a href="https://testsigma.com/guides/what-is-test-case/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test cases</a> that need to be executed frequently, automating them can help save time and effort.



&#8211; Complex workflows: If the e-commerce website has intricate workflows that involve multiple steps, automation can ensure accurate execution and reduce the chances of human error.



&#8211; Performance and load testing: Automating performance and load testing allows simulating heavy user traffic and identifying potential bottlenecks.



<h2 id="how-to-automate-your-e-commerce-website-test-cases">How to Automate Your E-commerce Website Test Cases: </h2>



To automate test cases for an e-commerce website, consider the following steps:



1. Choose a Test Automation Framework: Select a suitable <a href="https://testsigma.com/blog/test-automation-frameworks/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">test automation framework</a> that aligns with your project requirements and supports the technologies used in your e-commerce website.



2. Identify Test Cases for Automation: Prioritize test cases that are stable, repetitive, time-consuming to execute manually, and critical for the website&#8217;s functionality.



3. Select an Automation Tool: There are several automation tools available in the market, such as Testsigma, Selenium, Appium or TestComplete. Choose a tool that best fits your requirements and offers a user-friendly interface.



4. Develop Test Scripts: Write test scripts using the chosen automation tool, considering the test cases identified for automation. Ensure the test scripts cover various scenarios and validate the essential functionalities of the e-commerce website.



5. Execute and Maintain Test Scripts: Execute the automated test scripts on a regular basis and maintain them by updating them as the website evolves. Regularly review and enhance the test scripts to improve test coverage and accuracy.



Below is an example of how test cases for an ecommerce website can be automated with a no-code test automation tool, Testsigma.



1. Navigate to the homepage of the e-commerce website: This step involves opening the e-commerce website in a browser. In Testsigma, you can use a simple command like &#8220;Go to URL &#8216;https://www.yourwebsite.com'&#8221;.



2. Search for a specific product: This step involves entering the product name into the search bar and submitting the search. In Testsigma, you can use commands like &#8220;Type &#8216;Product Name&#8217; into &#8216;Search Bar'&#8221; and &#8220;Click on &#8216;Search Button'&#8221;.



3. Click on the product to go to the product details page: This step involves selecting the product from the search results to view its details. In Testsigma, you can use a command like &#8220;Click on &#8216;Product Link'&#8221;.



4. Click on the &#8220;Add to Cart&#8221; button: This step involves adding the product to the shopping cart. In Testsigma, you can use a command like &#8220;Click on &#8216;Add to Cart Button'&#8221;.



In each of these steps, &#8216;Search Bar&#8217;, &#8216;Search Button&#8217;, &#8216;Product Link&#8217;, and &#8216;Add to Cart Button&#8217; are placeholders for the actual identifiers of these elements on your website. You&#8217;ll need to replace them with the actual identifiers, which can be the name, ID, CSS selector, XPath, etc., depending on what&#8217;s available and reliable for your website.



Also, Testsigma allows the use of variables and data-driven testing. For example, you can store the product name in a variable and use it in the test steps. This allows you to easily change the product you&#8217;re testing without modifying the test steps.



Remember to save your test case after defining all the steps. You can then run this test case to verify the &#8220;Add to Cart&#8221; functionality of your e-commerce website.



By following these steps, you can effectively automate your e-commerce website test cases using the Testsigma automation tool.



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For more details refer to Testsigma documentation here: testsigma.com/docs



<h2 id="tools-for-automating-e-commerce-tests">Tools for Automating E-commerce Tests </h2>



When it comes to automating e-commerce tests, several reliable tools are available. Here are a few notable ones:



1. Testsigma: <a href="https://testsigma.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Testsigma </a>is a cloud-based test automation tool designed specifically for web and mobile application testing. It offers an intuitive interface, scriptless test automation, and integrations with popular CI/CD tools.&nbsp;



2. Selenium: Selenium is a popular open-source automation framework that supports multiple programming languages and browsers. It provides a wide range of features for automating web application testing.&nbsp;



3. Appium: Appium is an open-source tool for automating mobile applications, both native and hybrid. It supports various platforms, including iOS and Android, making it ideal for e-commerce websites with dedicated mobile apps.



4. TestComplete: TestComplete is a comprehensive commercial automation tool that supports web, mobile, and desktop application testing. It offers a user-friendly interface and extensive features for automating test cases.



<h2 id="benefits-of-e-commerce-testing">Benefits of E-commerce Testing: </h2>



Thorough testing of e-commerce websites offers several benefits, including:



1. Improved User Experience: Thorough testing ensures that the website functions seamlessly, providing users with a smooth and satisfying shopping experience.



2. Enhanced Security: Testing helps identify and fix security vulnerabilities, protecting customer data and preventing unauthorized access.



3. Higher Conversion Rates: A well-tested e-commerce website builds trust with customers, leading to increased conversion rates and higher sales.



4. Better Performance: Testing helps optimize website performance, ensuring fast loading times and smooth navigation.



<h2 id="challenges-of-e-commerce-testing">Challenges of E-commerce Testing:</h2>



Testing e-commerce websites comes with its own set of challenges, including:



1. Wide Range of Devices and Browsers: E-commerce websites need to be tested across multiple devices and browsers to ensure compatibility and a consistent user experience.



Thus, It is recommended to have a set of smoke or <a href="https://www.javatpoint.com/sanity-testing" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">sanity tests</a> automated that can be automated and regularly executed on all supported devices.



2. Complex Business Logic: E-commerce platforms often involve intricate workflows and business rules that require thorough testing to ensure accurate functionality.



Thus, a proper focus on testing &#8211; both manual and automated &#8211; is recommended.



3. Data Management: Testing e-commerce websites requires managing large volumes of test data, including products, user accounts, and transaction data.



4. Dynamic Content: E-commerce websites frequently update product catalogs, promotions, and content, which poses a challenge in maintaining accurate and up-to-date test data.



Designing a test strategy that focuses on above points will ensure a high-quality ecommerce website at all times.



<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>



Testing plays a crucial role in ensuring the quality, reliability, and security of e-commerce websites.&nbsp;



By following a systematic testing approach, identifying and executing relevant test cases, and considering automation where applicable, businesses can deliver exceptional user experiences, increase customer satisfaction, and drive the success of their online platforms.&nbsp;



With the availability of automation tools like Testsigma, the process of automating e-commerce test cases becomes more efficient and effective, allowing businesses to achieve faster time-to-market and maintain a competitive edge in the digital landscape.



<h2 id="frequently-asked-questions">Frequently Asked Questions</h2>



<h3 id="q-what-should-i-test-on-an-e-commerce-website">Q: What should I test on an e-commerce website? </h3>



Ans. When testing an e-commerce website, it is important to focus on various aspects such as:&nbsp;



<ul><li>Responsiveness</li><li>Navigation</li><li>search functionality</li><li>Payments</li><li>shopping cart</li><li>address management</li><li>user registration</li><li>website accessibility</li></ul>



Additionally, you should consider testing order placement, order tracking, customer reviews, and any other crucial features specific to your e-commerce platform.&nbsp;





Ecommerce Testing
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How to Write Test Cases for Ecommerce Website

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